no:le:s, etc.
_Perf._ volui: no:lui: ma:lui:
_Plup._ volueram no:lueram ma:lueram
_F. P._ voluero: no:luero: ma:luero:

SUBJUNCTIVE
SINGULAR
_Pres._ velim no:lim ma:lim
veli:s no:li:s ma:li:s
velit no:lit ma:lit

PLURAL
veli:'mus no:li:'mus ma:li:'mus
veli:'tis no:li:'tis ma:li:'tis
velint no:lint ma:lint

_Impf._ vellem no:llem ma:llem
_Perf._ voluerim no:luerim ma:luerim
_Plup._ voluissem no:luissem ma:luissem

IMPERATIVE
_Pres._ no:li:
no:li:te
_Fut._ no:li:to:, etc.

INFINITIVE
_Pres._ velle no:lle ma:lle
_Perf._ voluisse no:luisse ma:luisse

PARTICIPLE
_Pres._ vole:ns, -entis no:le:ns, -entis ----]

_380._ Observe the following sentences:

1. Magistro laudante omnes pueri diligenter laborant, _with the
teacher praising_, or _since the teacher praises_, or _the teacher
praising, all the boys labor diligently._

2. Caesare ducente nemo progredi timet, _with Caesar leading_, or
_when Caesar leads_, or _if Caesar leads_, or _Caesar leading, no one
fears to advance._

3. His rebus cognitis milites fugerunt, _when this was known_, or
_since this was known_, or _these things having been learned, the
soldiers fled._

4. Proelio commisso multi vulnerati sunt, _after the battle had
begun_, or _when the battle had begun_, or _the battle having been
joined, many were wounded._

_a._ One of the fundamental ablative relations is expressed in
English by the preposition _with_ (cf. Sec. 50). In each of the
sentences above we have a noun and a participle in agreement in
the ablative, and the translation shows that in each instance the
ablative expresses _attendant circumstance_. For example, in the
first sentence the circumstance attending or accompanying the
diligent labor of the boys is the praise of the teacher. This is
clearly a _with_ relation, and the ablative is the case to use.

_b._ We observe, further, that the ablative and its participle are
absolutely independent grammatically of the rest of the senten