t_, p. 64; Hopkins, _Religions of India_,
pp. 129, 206; Brinton, _Myths of the New World_, p. 284 ff.;
Mueller, _Amerikanische Urreligionen_, i, 288 ff.; Saussaye,
op. cit., p. 291; Spencer, _Principles of Sociology_, i, 232
f.

[135] Matthews, _Navaho Legends_, p. 185 f.; Teit, _Thompson
River Indians_, p. 78.

[136] Turner, _Samoa_, p. 257; Lawes (on New Guinea), in
_Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, viii, 371;
Callaway, _Zulu Nursery Tales_, p. 316; Matthews, _Navaho
Legends_, p. 215; Rink, _Tales of the Eskimo_, p. 37; Sir G.
S. Robertson, _The Kafirs of the Hindu-Kush_, p. 380 f.

[137] _AEneid_, vi.

[138] _Odyssey_, xi, 489; Isa. xxxviii, 10 ff.; Prov. iii,
16, etc.

[139] 1 Sam. xxviii, 14; Ezek. xxxii, 19-32; Isa. xiv, 9-15;
xxxviii, 18. For the early Babylonian conception of the
Underworld see the _Descent of Ishtar_ (in Jastrow,
_Religion of Babylonia and Assyria_, chap. xxv); S. H.
Langdon, "Babylonian Eschatology," in _Essays in Modern
Theology and Related Subjects_ (the C. A. Briggs Memorial).

[140] Breasted, _History of Egypt_, p. 175.

[141] Cf. Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, ii, 83 ff.

[142] Spencer and Gillen, _Native Tribes of Central
Australia_; Callaway, _Amazulus_, pp. 12, 151 f.; W. Ellis,
_Madagascar_, i, 393 (cf. J. Sibree, _Madagascar_, p. 312);
A. B. Ellis, _The E['w]e_, p. 107 f., and _The Tshi_, p. 156
ff.; M. Kingsley, _Travels_, pp. 461, 480; R. B. Dixon, _The
Shasta_, p. 469.

[143] Williams, _Fiji_, p. 194.

[144] Ezek. xxxii, 23, 27; Isa. xiv, 15.

[145] Jastrow, op. cit., p. 601; Ezek. xxxii.

[146] _Iliad_, xxiii, 71.

[147] Jastrow, op. cit., p. 602; _Iliad_, i, 3 ff.; 2 Sam.
xxi, 10; Prov. xxx, 17.

[148] Hence special desire for sons, who were the natural
persons to perform funeral rites for fathers.

[149] So also Plato, _Gorgias_, 80 (524).

[150] Hesiod, _Works and Days_, 110.

[151] Marillier, _La survivance de l'ame_.

[152] W. Ellis, _Polynesian Researches_, chap. ix.

[153] Marillier, op. cit.

[154] Smith, _Virginia_, p. 36.

[155] Will and Spinden, _The Mandans_ (_Papers of the
Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology_,
Harvard University), p. 133.

[156] So among the Betsileos and the Zulus (Marillier, op.
cit.)

[157] So in Madagascar. Cf. Ezek. xxxii, 18 ff.; Isa. xiv, 4
ff.

[158] _Journal of the American Oriental