is
evidence for the man only when it stands immediately before
the nondivine element of the royal name. The inscriptions
are given in Schrader, _Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek_, III,
i; Thureau-Dangin, _Sumerisch-Akkadische Koenigsinschriften_.
In the Code of Hammurabi (ca. 2000 B.C.) the king in one
place (col. 5, ll. 4, 5) calls himself "the Shamash of
Babylon," but this is of course a figure of speech; the code
is given him by Shamash, the god of justice, and he assumes
to be no less just than the god whom he here represents.

[629] For a different view see S. H. Langdon, article
"Babylonian Eschatology" in _Essays in Modern Theology and
Related Subjects_ (the C. A. Briggs memorial volume).

[630] Cf. the Chinese and Japanese views mentioned above.
Among the Mongols there seems to be no trace of such a cult
(Buckley, in Saussaye, _Lehrbuch der Religionsgeschichte_,
2d ed.), but a similar one is found in Tibet in Lamaism.

[631] Ex. xxii, 28 [27]. Cursing the deity (that is, the
national or the local god) is mentioned several times in the
Old Testament. Eli's sons committed this offense (1 Sam.
iii, 13, corrected text), and Job feared that his sons might
have been guilty of it (Job i, 5, where the old Jewish
scribes, _causa reverentiae_, have changed "curse" into
"bless,"--so also in i, 11; ii, 5, 9).

[632] _Adonis Attis Osiris_, p. 15 ff.

[633] 2 Sam. xiv, 17.

[634] Isa. ix, 6 [5].

[635] Ps. lviii, 1 [2]; lxxxii, 1, 6. This last passage,
however, is understood in John x, 34 f., to refer to Jewish
men. The Hebrew text of Ps. xiv, 7 [6], is corrupt.

[636] De Groot, _Religion of the Chinese_. This is the
philosophical form of the dogma. The root of the conception
is to be found, doubtless, in the old (savage) view that the
chief of the tribe has quasi-divine attributes.

[637] Knox, _Religion in Japan_, p. 64.

[638] In _Alexander_, 28. In the case of Alexander the
influence of Egypt is apparent, and it may be suspected that
this influence affected the later Greek and Roman custom.

[639] Appian, _De Rebus Syriacis_, lxv.

[640] Acts xii, 22.

[641] Boissier, _La religion romaine_ (1878), i, 131 ff.

[642] Suetonius, _Caligula_, xxii.

[643] On the demand for a universal religion in the Roman
Empire, and the preparation in the earlier cults for the
worship of the emperors, see J. Iverach's article "Caesaris