' and many
other groups of this sort.

[1365] For the view that she was a native AEgean deity see
Farnell, _Greece and Babylon_, p. 97. Later Semitic
influences, in any case, must be assumed.

[1366] No satisfactory explanation of the name Aphrodite has
as yet been offered.

[1367] See above, Sec. 762.

[1368] _Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite_; Euripides, _Medea_, 835
ff.; Lucretius. Ishtar also is the mother of all things, but
the idea is not developed by the Semites.

[1369] Compare the details given in J. Rosenbaum's
_Geschichte der Lustseuche im Alterume_.

[1370] Aust, _Religion der Roemer_; Fowler, _Roman
Festivals_; id. _The Religious Experience of the Roman
People_; articles in Roscher's _Lexikon_; Mommsen, _History
of Rome_ (Eng. tr.), bk. i, chap. xii.

[1371] Sec. 702 ff.

[1372] Hence a confusion of names that appears even to-day,
and in books otherwise careful, as, for example, in the Bohn
translations of Greek works, in which the Greek deities are
throughout called by Latin names.

[1373] So written in good manuscripts. The "piter" probably
denotes fatherly protection, though it may have meant
originally physical paternity. On this point cf. W. R.
Smith, _Religion of the Semites_, lecture ii, and the
various stories of the birth of Jupiter's children.

[1374] On the significance of the doublefaced Janus (Janus
Geminus) and of the ancient usage of opening the gates of
his temple in time of war and closing them in time of peace,
see article "Janus" in Roscher's _Lexikon_, col. 18 ff.

[1375] With his function as door-god compare the functions
of other Roman door-gods, of Vesta, and of Hindu and other
house-deities.

[1376] Varro, _De Lingua Latina_, v, 85; Cato, _De Agri
Cultura_, 141.

[1377] So Roscher and others.

[1378] Cf. Fowler, _Roman Festivals_, p. 35.

[1379] The cult of Mars was widely diffused in Italy and,
later, elsewhere. His original seat is uncertain. He was,
perhaps, the tribal god of a conquering people.

[1380] Cf. also the Ancillarum Feriae (July 7).

[1381] See above, Sec. 217 ff.

[1382] Vergil, _Eclogues_, iv, 6. Cf. above, Sec. 768, note
(Kronos).

[1383] Aust, _Religion der Roemer_; Farnell, _Cults of the
Greek States_; Fowler, _Roman Festivals_; articles in
Roscher's _Lexikon_.

[1384] She appears to have been a Greek deity adopted by the
Romans.

[1385] S