ica, a splendidly organized body
with a central administration clothed with absolute
authority; see Depont and Coppolani, _Les confreries
religieuses musulmanes_.

[2052] S. de Sacy, _Expose de la religion des Druses_; J.
Wortabet, _Researches into the Religions of Syria_; C. H.
Churchill, _Ten Years' Residence in Mt. Lebanon_.

[2053] Cf. Dr. Thomas Arnold's ideal, the identification of
Church and State (A. P. Stanley, _Life and Correspondence of
Thomas Arnold_).

[2054] Payne, _History of the New World called America_;
Markham, _Rites and Laws of the Incas_; Prescott, _Conquest
of Peru_, bk. i, chap. iii.

[2055] On India's fertility in the production of religions
cf. Bloomfield, _Religion of the Veda_, p. 2 ff.

[2056] This organization was first called the "Brahma-Samaj"
(the Church of Brahma), later the "Adi-Samaj" (the First
Church).

[2057] The Brahma-Samaj.

[2058] There are other theistic bodies in India. The
Arya-Samaj (Aryan Church) derives its doctrines (monotheism
and other) from the Veda (necessarily by a forced
interpretation); it is a sort of protest against foreign
(Christian) influence. See articles "Arya Samaj" and "Brahma
Samaj" in Hastings, _Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics_.

[2059] Gobineau, _Les religions et les philosophies dans
l'Asie centrale_; R. G. Browne, _The Episode of the Bab_ and
_The New History of the Bab_; article "Bab, Babis" in
Hastings, op. cit.; article "Bahaism" in the _Nouveau
Larousse, Supplement_; _Some Answered Questions_, translated
by Laura C. Burney (exposition of the doctrine by the son of
the Bahaist founder).

[2060] Babism is fairly well represented in Persia at the
present day; see R. G. Browne.

[2061] Cf. articles in Herzog-Hauck, _Real-Encyklopaedie_;
McClintock and Strong, _Biblical Cyclopaedia_; _New
Schaff-Herzog Encyclopaedia of Religious Knowledge_.

[2062] On the community founded by Pythagoras see the
histories of philosophy; it appears to have embodied a
suggestion of monastic life, but its origin is uncertain.

[2063] The Hebrew Nazirite vow, for example, was merely a
consecration of a part of the body to the deity with the
observance of old nomadic customs of food and dwellings.

[2064] Hopkins, _Religions of India_, Index, s.v. _Monks_.

[2065] Rhys Davids, _Buddhism_, chap. vi.

[2066] Cf. H. Weingarten, _Ursprung des Moenchthums_, cited