in Ex. xvi, 16-20.

[258] Spencer and Gillen, _Native Tribes of Central
Australia_, p. 167 f., and _Native Tribes of Northern
Australia_, p. 308 etc.; Strehlow, _Die Aranda-und
Loritjastaemme in Zentralaustralien_, part ii, p. 39 etc.

[259] Dixon, _The Northern Maidu_, p. 285 f.

[260] Seligmann, _The Melanesians of British New Guinea_, p.
177 f.

[261] Dorsey, _The Skidi Pawnee_, p. 149.

[262] Seligmann, op. cit., p. 291 ff.

[263] Here again the taboos are precautions against
injurious supernatural influences.

[264] He is said also to imitate the cries of animals--that
is, he combines natural means with supernatural.

[265] Spencer and Gillen, and Strehlow, loc. cit.

[266] This feeling for the tribal life may be called
germinal public spirit. Cf. above, Sec. 103.

[267] Frazer, _Golden Bough_, 2d ed., ii, 238 ff.

[268] Hopkins, _Religions of India_, p. 526.

[269] Frazer (_Golden Bough_, 2d. ed., ii, 43 ff.) refers to
B. Smyth, _Aborigines of Victoria_, ii, 311; Strachey,
_Historie_, p. 84; Krapf, _Travels_, p. 69 f.; Mone,
_Geschichte des Heldenthums im noerdlichen Europa_, i, 119.
See, further, T. Williams and Calvert, _Fiji_, p. 181 f.; W.
Crooke, _Popular Religion and Folklore of Northern India_,
ii, 169.

[270] Ex. xxii, 29 [28]; xiii, 12, 13.

[271] Spencer and Gillen, op. cit., chap. vi.

[272] _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, xxv, 104
ff.

[273] Frazer, _Golden Bough_, 2d ed., iii, 78.

[274] _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, xxiii, 18;
xxvi, 30. Other examples are given by Frazer in his _Golden
Bough_, 2d. ed., i, 81 ff., 163; he cites cases of persons
(priests and kings) held responsible for rain, and put to
death if they failed to supply it.

[275] Turner, _Samoa_, p. 145. On certain Roman ceremonies
(that of the lapis manalis and others) that have been
supposed to be connected with rain making see Wissowa,
_Religion und Kultus der Roemer_, p. 106; W. W. Fowler,
_Roman Festivals of the Period of the Republic_, iii.

[276] Spencer and Gillen, _Northern Tribes of Central
Australia_, p. 23.

[277] Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, i, 454; Westermarck,
_Origin and Development of the Moral Ideas_, i, 52 ff.; ii,
532 ff.

[278] There is, of course, another side to the character of
ghosts--sometimes they are friendly.

[279] Ploss, _Das Kind_, 2d ed., i, chap. iv.