e easily;_

portas clausit, ne quam oppidani injuriam acciperent, _he closed the
gates, lest the townspeople should receive any injury._

a. Quo, as a rule, is employed only when the purpose clause contains a
comparative or a comparative idea. Occasional exceptions occur; as,--

haec faciunt quo Chremetem absterreant, _they are doing this in order
to frighten Chremes._

b. Ut ne is sometimes found instead of ne. Thus:--

ut ne quid neglegenter agamus, _in order that we may not do anything
carelessly_.

c. Ut non (not ne) is used where the negation belongs to some single
word, instead of to the purpose clause as a whole. Thus:--

ut non ejectus ad alienos, sed invitatus ad tuos videare, _that you may
seem not driven out among strangers, but invited to your own friends._

d. To say '_and that not_' or '_or that not_,' the Latin regularly uses
neve (neu); as,--

ut earum rerum vis minueretur, neu ponti nocerent, _that the violence
of these things might be lessened, and that they might not harm the
bridge_;

profugit, ne caperetur neve interficeretur, _he fled, that he might not
be captured or killed._

e. But neque (for neve) is sometimes used in a second Purpose Clause when
ut stands in the first, and, after the Augustan era, even when the first
clause is introduced by ne.

f. Purpose Clauses sometimes stand in apposition with a preceding noun or
pronoun: as,--

hac causa, ut pacem haberent, _on this account, that they might have
peace._

2. A Relative Pronoun (qui) or Adverb (ubi, unde, quo) is frequently used
to introduce a Purpose Clause; as,--

Helvetii legatos mittunt, qui dicerent, _the Helvetii sent envoys to
say_ (lit. _who should say_);

haec habui, de senectute quae dicerem, _I had these things to say about
old age_;

non habebant quo se reciperent, _they had no place to which to flee_
(lit. _whither they might flee_).

a. Qui in such clauses is equivalent to ut is, ut ego, etc.; ubi to ut
ibi; unde to ut inde; quo to ut eo.

3. Relative Clauses of purpose follow dignus, indignus, and idoneus; as,--

idoneus fuit nemo quem imitarere, _there was no one suitable for you to
imitate_ (_cf_. nemo fuit quem imitarere, _there was no one for you to
imitate_);

dignus est qui aliquando imperet, _he is worthy to rule sometime_.

4. Purpose Clauses often depend upon som