es.

315. 1. Real questions of the Direct Discourse, upon becoming indirect, are
regularly put in the Subjunctive; as,--

Ariovistus Caesari respondit: se prius in Galliam venisse quam populum
Romanum. Quid sibi vellet? Cur in suas possessiones veniret,
_Ariovistus replied to Caesar that he had come into Gaul before the
Roman people. What did he (Caesar) mean? Why did he come into his
domain?_ (Direct: quid tibi vis? cur in meas possessiones venis?)

2. Rhetorical questions, on the other hand, being asked merely for effect,
and being equivalent in force to emphatic statements, regularly stand in
the Infinitive in Indirect Discourse. Thus :--

quid est levius (lit. _what is more trivial_, = nothing is more
trivial) of the Direct Discourse becomes quid esse levius in the
Indirect.

3. Deliberative Subjunctives of the Direct Discourse remain unchanged in
mood in the Indirect: as,--

quid faceret, _what was he to do?_ (Direct: quid faciat?)

Imperative Sentences.

316. All Imperatives or Jussive Subjunctives of the Direct Discourse appear
as Subjunctives in the Indirect; as,--

milites certiores fecit paulisper intermitterent proelium, _he told the
soldiers to stop the battle for a little_. (Direct: intermittite.)

a. The negative in such sentences is ne; as,--

ne suae virtuti tribueret, _let him not attribute it to his own valor!_

TENSES IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE.

A. Tenses of the Infinitive.

317. These are used in accordance with the regular principles for the use
of the Infinitive as given in Sec. 270.

a. The Perfect Infinitive may represent any past tense of the Indicative
of Direct Discourse. Thus:--

scio te haec egisse may mean--

_I know you were doing this_.(Direct: haec agebas.)

_I know you did this_. (Direct: haec egisti.)

_I know you had done this_. (Direct: haec egeras.)

B. Tenses of the Subjunctive.

318. These follow the regular principle for the Sequence of Tenses, being
Principal if the verb of _saying_ is Principal; Historical if it is
Historical. Yet for the sake of vividness, we often find the Present
Subjunctive used after an historical tense (_Repraesentatio_); as,--

Caesar respondit, si obsides dentur, sese pacem esse facturum, _Caesar
replied that, if hostages be given, he would make peace_.

a. For the sequence after the Perfect Infinitive, see Sec. 268, 2.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN INDI