into the territory of the Carnutes, Andes, and Turones_.

342. Disjunctive Conjunctions indicate an _alternative_.

1. a) aut must be used when the alternatives are mutually exclusive; as,--

cita mors venit aut victoria laeta, _(either) swift death or glad
victory comes_.

b) vel, -ve (enclitic) imply a choice between the alternatives; as,--

qui aether vel caelum nominatur, _which is called aether or heaven_.

2. Correlatives. Disjunctive Conjunctions are often used correlatively;
as,--

aut ... aut, _either ... or_;

vel ... vel, _either ... or_;

sive ... sive, _if ... or if_.

343. Adversative Conjunctions. These denote _opposition_.

1. a) sed, _but_, merely denotes opposition.

b) verum, _but_, is stronger than sed, but is less frequently used.

c) autem, _but on the other hand_, _however_, marks a transition. It is
always post-positive.

DEFINITION. A post-positive word is one that cannot begin a sentence, but
is placed after one or more words.

d) at, _but_, is used especially in disputation, to introduce an opposing
argument.

e) atqui means _but yet_.

f) tamen, _yet_, usually stands after the emphatic word, but not always.

g) vero, _however_, _indeed_, _in truth_, is always post-positive.

2. Note the correlative expressions:--

non solum (non modo) ... sed etiam, _not only ... but also_;

non modo non ... sed ne ... quidem, _not only not, but not even_; as,--

non modo tibi non irascor, sed ne reprehendo quidem factum tuum, _I not
only am not angry with you, but I do not even blame your action_.

a. But when the sentence has but one verb, and this stands with the
second member, non modo may be used for non modo non; as,--

adsentatio non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digne est, _flattery is
not only not worthy of a friend, but not even of a free man._

344. Illative Conjunctions. These represent the statement which they
introduce as _following from_ or as _in conformity with_ what has preceded.

1. a) itaque = _and so_, _accordingly_.

b) ergo = _therefore_, _accordingly_.

c) igitur (regularly post-positive[58]) = _therefore_, _accordingly_.

2. Igitur is never combined with et, atque, -que, or neque.

345. Causal Conjunctions. These denote _cause_, or _give an explanation_.
They are nam, namque, enim (post-positive), etenim, _for_.

346. Asyndeton. The conjunction is sometimes omitted be