s in this kind of
mixed language are extant. I have observed one, a romance in verse
called _Macaire_ (_Altfranzosische Gedichte aus Venez. Handschriften_,
von _Adolf Mussafia_, Wien, 1864), the language of which is not unlike
this jargon of Rustician's, e.g.:--

"'Dama,' fait-il, 'molto me poso merviler
De ves enfant quant le fi batecer
De un signo qe le vi sor la spal'a droiturer
Qe non ait nul se no filz d'inperer.'"--(p. 41)

[6] As examples of such Orientalisms: _Bonus_, "ebony," and _calamanz_,
"pencases," seem to represent the Persian abnus and kalamdan; the dead
are mourned by _les meres et les_ Araines, the _Harems_; in speaking
of the land of the Ismaelites or Assassins, called _Mulhete_, i.e. the
Arabic _Mulahidah_, "Heretics," he explains this term as meaning "des
_Aram_" (_Haram_, "the reprobate"). Speaking of the Viceroys of
Chinese Provinces, we are told that they rendered their accounts
yearly to the _Safators_ of the Great Kaan. This is certainly an
Oriental word. Sir H. Rawlinson has suggested that it stands for
_dafatir_ ("registers or public books"), pl. of _daftar_. This seems
probable, and in that case the true reading may have been _dafators_.

[7] Luces du Gast, one of the first of these, introduces himself thus:--
"Je Luces, Chevaliers et Sires du Chastel du Gast, voisins prochain de
Salebieres, comme chevaliers amoureus enprens a translater du Latin en
Francois une partie de cette estoire, non mie pour ce que je sache
gramment de Francois, ainz apartient plus ma langue et ma parleure a
la maniere de l'Engleterre que a celle de France, comme cel qui fu en
Engleterre nez, mais tele est ma volentez et mon proposement, que je
en langue francoise le translaterai." (_Hist. Litt. de La France_, xv.
494.)

[8] _Hist. Litt. de la France_, xv. 500.

[9] Ibid. 508.

[10] _Tyrwhitt's Essay on Lang., etc., of Chaucer_, p. xxii. (Moxon's Ed.
1852.)

[11] _Chroniques Etrangeres_, p. 502.

[12] "_Loquuntur linguam quasi Gallicam, scilicet quasi de Cipro_."
(See _Cathay_ p. 332.)

[13] Page 138.

[14] _Hammers Ilchan_, II. 148.

[15] After the capture of Acre, Richard orders 60,000 Saracen prisoners to
be executed:--

"They wer brought out off the toun,
Save twenty, he heeld to raunsoun.
They wer led into the place ful evene:
_Ther they herden Aun