_ 1837). He also
communicated a series of papers on the geology of S.E. Dorsetshire to
the _Magazine of Nat. Hist._ (1837-1838). In 1839, after a severe
illness, he left England for New South Wales, mainly with the object of
benefiting by the sea voyage. He remained, however, in that country, and
came to be regarded as the "Father of Australian Geology." From the date
of his arrival in New South Wales until 1870 he was in clerical charge
first of the country from Paramatta to the Hawkesbury river, then of
Campbelltown, and finally of Willoughby. He zealously devoted attention
to the geology of the country, with results that have been of paramount
importance. In 1841 he discovered gold, being the first explorer who had
obtained it _in situ_ in the country, finding it both in the detrital
deposits and in the quartzites of the Blue Mountains, and he then
declared his belief in its abundance. In 1849 he made the first actual
discovery of tin in Australia and in 1859 he made known the occurrence
of the diamond. He was also the first to indicate the presence of
Silurian rocks, and to determine the age of the coal-bearing rocks in
New South Wales. In 1869 he announced the discovery of remains of
_Dinornis_ in Queensland. He was a trustee of the Australian museum at
Sydney, and an active member of the Royal Society of New South Wales. In
1860 he published _Researches in the Southern Gold-fields of New South
Wales_. He was elected F.R.S. in 1876, and in the following year was
awarded the Murchison medal by the Geological Society of London. His
contributions to Australian scientific journals were numerous. He died
near Sydney, on the 17th of June 1878.

CLARKSON, THOMAS (1760-1846), English anti-slavery agitator, was born on
the 28th of March 1760, at Wisbeach, in Cambridgeshire, where his father
was headmaster of the free grammar school. He was educated at St Paul's
school and at St John's College, Cambridge. Having taken the first place
among the middle bachelors as Latin essayist, he succeeded in 1785 in
gaining a similar honour among the senior bachelors. The subject
appointed by the vice-chancellor, Dr Peckhard, was one in which he was
himself deeply interested--_Anne liceat invitos in servitutem dare?_ (Is
it right to make men slaves against their will?). In preparing for this
essay Clarkson consulted a number of works on African slavery, of which
the chief was Benezet's _Historical Survey of New Guinea_; and the
atro