e his influence was still further extended
when those who had been trained in his traditions became head masters of
other schools.

During the rest of the century the leading landmarks are the three royal
commissions known by the names of their chairmen: (1) Lord Clarendon's
on nine public schools, Eton, Winchester, Westminster, Charterhouse,
Harrow, Rugby, Shrewsbury, St Paul's and Merchant Taylors' (1861-1864),
resulting in the Public Schools Act of 1868; (2) Lord Taunton's on 782
endowed schools (1864-1867), followed by the act of 1869; and (3) Mr
Bryce's on secondary education (1894-1895).

Controversy on classical education.

A certain discontent with the current traditions of classical training
found expression in the _Essays on a Liberal Education_ (1867). The
author of the first essay, C.S. Parker, closed his review of the reforms
instituted in Germany and France by adding that in England there had
been but little change. The same volume included a critical examination
of the "Theory of Classical Education" by Henry Sidgwick, and an attack
on compulsory Greek and Latin verse composition by F.W. Farrar. The
claims of verse composition have since been judiciously defended by the
Hon. Edward Lyttelton (1897), while a temperate and effective
restatement of the case for the classics may be found in Sir Richard
Jebb's Romanes Lecture on "Humanism in Education" (1899).

The question of the position of Greek in secondary education has from
time to time attracted attention in connexion with the requirement of
Greek in Responsions at Oxford, and in the Previous Examination at
Cambridge.

"Compulsory Greek."

In the _Cambridge University Reporter_ for November 9, 1870, it was
stated that, "in order to provide adequate encouragement for the study
of Modern Languages and Natural Science," the commissioners for endowed
schools had determined on the establishment of modern schools of the
first grade in which Greek would be excluded. The commissioners feared
that, so long as Greek was a _sine qua non_ at the universities, these
schools would be cut off from direct connexion with the universities,
while the universities would in some degree lose their control over a
portion of the higher culture of the nation. On the 9th of March 1871 a
syndicate recommended that, in the Previous Examination, French and
German (taken together) should be allowed in place of Greek; on the 27th
of April this recommendation (which onl