ly, after
forming part of the royal domain, came to the counts of Touraine and
from them to the counts of Anjou. Henry II. often resided in the castle,
and died there. The place was taken by Philip Augustus in 1205 after a
year's siege.

CHINOOK, a tribe of North American Indians, dwelling at the mouth of the
Columbia river, Washington. They were fishermen and traders, and used
huge canoes of hollowed cedar trunks. The tribe is practically extinct,
but the name survives in the trade language known as "Chinook jargon."
This has been analysed as composed of two-fifths Chinook, two-fifths
other Indian tongues, and the rest English and Canadian French; but the
proportion of English has tended to increase. The Chinookan linguistic
family includes a number of separate tribes.

The name CHINOOK is also applied to a wind which blows from W. or N.
over the slopes of the Rocky Mountains, where it descends as a dry wind
warm in winter and cool in summer (cf. _Foehn_). It is due to a cyclone
passing northward, and continues from a few hours to several days. It
moderates the climate of the eastern Rockies, the snow melting quickly
on account of its warmth and vanishing on account of its dryness, so
that it is said to "lick up" the snow from the slopes.

See Gill, _Dictionary of Chinook Jargon_ (Portland, Ore., 1891); Boas,
"Chinook Texts," in _Smithsonian Report_, Bureau of Ethnology
(Washington, 1894); J.C. Pilling, "Bibliography of Chinookan
Languages," _Smithsonian Report_, Bureau of Ethnology (Washington,
1893); Horatio Hale, _Manual of Oregon Trade Language_ (London, 1890);
G.C. Shaw, _The Chinook Jargon_ (Seattle, 1909); _Handbook of American
Indians_ (Washington, 1907).

CHINSURA, a town of British India, on the Hugli river, 24 m. above
Calcutta, formerly the principal Dutch settlement in Bengal. The Dutch
erected a factory here in 1656, on a healthy spot of ground, much
preferable to that on which Calcutta is situated. In 1759 a British
force under Colonel Forde was attacked by the garrison of Chinsura on
its march to Chandernagore, but in less than half an hour the Dutch were
entirely routed. In 1795, during the Napoleonic wars, the settlement was
occupied by a British garrison. At the peace of 1814 it was restored to
the Dutch. It was among the cessions in India made by the king of the
Netherlands in 1825 in exchange for the British possessions in Sumatra.
Hugli College is maintained by govern