St Martin's Lane, but in
1814 an additional shop was opened at No. 57 Haymarket, whence it was in
1821 removed to 42 Jermyn Street. Like his father, Thomas Chippendale
III. was a member of the Society of Arts; and he is known to have
exhibited five pictures at the Royal Academy between 1784 and 1801. He
died at the end of 1822 or the beginning of 1823. (J. P. -B.)

CHIPPENHAM, a market town and municipal borough in the Chippenham
parliamentary division of Wiltshire, England, 94 m. W. of London by the
Great Western railway. Pop. (1901) 5074. Chippenham is governed by a
mayor, 4 aldermen and 12 councillors. Area, 361 acres. It lies in a
hollow on the south side of the Upper Avon, here crossed by a
picturesque stone bridge of 21 arches. St Andrew's church, originally
Norman of the 12th century, has been enlarged in different styles. A
paved causeway running for about 4 m. between Chippenham Cliff and Wick
Hill is named after Maud Heath, said to have been a market-woman, who
built it in the 15th century, and bequeathed an estate for its
maintenance. After the decline of its woollen and silk trades,
Chippenham became celebrated for grain and cheese markets. There are
also manufactures of broadcloth, churns, condensed milk,
railway-signals, guns and carriages; besides bacon-curing works, flour
mills, tanneries and large stone quarries. Bowood, the seat of the
marquess of Lansdowne, is 3-1/2 m. S.E. of Chippenham. Lanhill barrow,
or Hubba's Low, 2-1/2 m. N.W., is an ancient tomb containing a
_kistvaen_ or sepulchral chamber of stone; it is probably British,
though tradition makes it the grave of Hubba, a Danish leader.

Chippenham (_Chepeham, Chippeham_) was the site of a royal residence
where in 853 AEthelwulf celebrated the marriage of his daughter
AEthelswitha with Burhred, king of Mercia. The town also figured
prominently in the Danish invasion of the 9th century, and in 933 was
the meeting-place of the witan. In the Domesday Survey Chippenham
appears as a crown manor and is not assessed in hides. The town was
governed by a bailiff in the reign of Edward I., and returned two
members to parliament from 1295, but it was not incorporated until 1553,
when a charter from Mary established a bailiff and twelve burgesses and
endowed the corporation with certain lands for the maintenance of two
parliamentary burgesses and for the repair of the bridge over the Avon.
In 1684 this charter was surrendered to Charles II., and