enops, Anthops_ and
_Coelops_ represent this subfamily. _Hipposiderus_ (_Phyllorhina_),
with many species, ranging over Asia, Africa and Australasia, and the
dental formula i. 1/2, c. 1/1, p. 2/2, or 1/2, m. 3/3, differs from
_Rhinolophus_ in the form of the nose-leaf, which is not lanceolate
behind (fig. 6), and is unprovided with a central process covering the
nostrils; the largest species, _H. armiger_, appears to be the most
northerly, having been taken at Amoy in China, and in the Himalaya at
an elevation of 5500 ft. Many are provided with a frontal sac behind
the nose-leaf, rudimentary in females (see fig. 7), which can be
everted at pleasure; the sides of this sac secrete a waxy substance,
and its extremity supports a tuft of straight hairs. _Rhinonycteris_,
represented by _R. aurantia_ from Australia, and _Triaenops_. by _T.
persicus_ from Persia and other species from Africa and Madagascar,
are closely allied genera. _Triaenops_ (fig. 8) is characterized by
the remarkable form of its nasal appendages and ears, and the presence
of a bony projection from the upper extremity of the second phalange
of the fourth finger. _Coelops_ (_C. Frithi_), from the Bengal
Sanderbans, Java and Siam is distinguished by the peculiar form of its
nose-leaf and the length of the metacarpal bone of the index finger,
as well as by the shortness of the calcar and interfemoral membrane.
_Cloeeotis_ is represented by a single East African species, and
_Anthops_ by one from the Solomon Islands characterized by the
nose-leaf covering the whole front of the face.

False vampires.

The next family, _Nycteridae_, which is also Old World, is a small
one, nearly allied to the last, in which it is included by Prof. Max
Weber as a subfamily under the name of _Myadermatinae_. It differs by
the presence of a small tragus in the ears, which are united at their
bases; and by the nasal chamber not being inflated. The premaxillae
are either small and separated in front, or rudimentary; and the first
phalange of the middle finger when in repose is laid back on the
metacarpus. There are only pectoral teats.

Of the two genera, _Megaderma_, as represented by the five species of
false vampires, is distinguished by the absence of ossified
premaxillae and upper incisors (i. 0/2, p. (2 or 1)/2), the
cylindrical narrow muzzle surmounted by an erect nose-leaf the base of
which conc