testines are congested and reddish brown; the
surface of the intestines is in many places denuded of its lining
membrane, showing fissures and hemorrhagic spots. The liver has a cooked
appearance; the kidneys are congested and friable; the urine is red; the
pleura, lungs, and the meninges are congested, and the bronchi of the
lungs contain a bloody foam.

_Treatment._--Treatment of anthrax in animals by medicinal means has not
proved satisfactory. In cases of local anthrax an incision of the
swelling followed by the application of disinfectants sometimes causes
good results. In such cases, however, the danger of disseminating the
infection from the wounds tends to make this procedure inadvisable
unless great care is taken.

Good results are obtained from the use of serum in the treatment of the
disease. For this purpose 30 to 100 cubic centimeters should be
administered subcutaneously or intravenously. If no improvement is
noticed within 24 hours the injection should be repeated. In a number of
instances afforded to test the curative value of the serum in cases of
anthrax in man and animals splendid results were obtained.

The prophylactic treatment formerly consisted in the avoidance of
certain fields and marshes which were recognized as contaminated during
the months of August and September and had been occupied the years in
which the outbreaks usually occurred. It underwent, however, a
revolution after the discovery by Pasteur of the possibility of a
prophylactic inoculation or vaccination which granted immunity from
future attacks of the disease similar to that granted by the recovery of
an animal from an ordinary attack of the disease.

This treatment consists in the use of a vaccine which is made by the
artificial cultivation of the virus of anthrax in broth and in the
treatment of it by means of continued exposure to a high temperature for
a certain time, which weakens the virus to such extent that it is
capable of producing only a very mild and not dangerous attack of
anthrax in the animal in which it is inoculated, and thus protects it
from inoculation of a stronger virus. The production of this virus,
which is carried on in some countries at the expense of the governments
and is furnished at a small cost to the farmers in regions where the
disease prevails, in this country is made in private laboratories only.

At the present time very good results are being obtained with
vaccination consisting of an inje