ttom and ragged edges and is known as a chancre. This ulcer
pours from its surface a viscous, oily discharge similar to that which
we have seen in the farcy ulcer. The irritation of the discharge may
ulcerate the lining mucous membrane of the nose, causing serpentine
gutters with bottoms resembling those of the chancres themselves. If the
nodules have formed in large numbers, we may have them causing an acute
inflammation of the Schneiderian membrane, with a catarrhal discharge
which may mark the specific discharge, or that which comes from the
ulcers and resembles the discharge of strangles or simple inflammatory
diseases.

The eruption of the ulcers and discharge soon cause an irritation of the
neighboring lymphatics; and in the intermaxillary space, deep inside of
the jaws, we find an enlargement of the glands, which for the first few
days may seem soft and edematous, but which rapidly becomes confined to
the glands, these being from the size of an almond to that of a small
bunch of berries, exceedingly hard and nodulated. This enlargement of
the glands is found high on the inside of the jaws, firmly adherent to
the base of the tongue. It is not to be confounded with the puffy,
edematous swelling, which is not separated from the skin and
subcutaneous connective tissues found in strangles, in laryngitis, and
in other simple inflammatory troubles.

These glands bear a great resemblance to the indurated glands which we
find in connection with the collection of pus in the sinuses; but in the
latter disease the glands have not the extreme nodulated feel which they
have in glanders. With the glands we find indurated cords, feeling like
balls of tangled wire or twine, fastening the glands together.

The essential symptoms of glanders are the nodule, the chancre, the
glands, and the discharge. With the development of the nodules in the
respiratory tract, according to their number and the amount of eruption
which they cause, we may find a cough which resembles that of a coryza,
a laryngitis, a bronchitis, or a broncho-pneumonia, according to the
location of the lesions. In chronic glanders we find the same accessory
symptoms that occur in chronic farcy, the hemorrhage of the nose, the
swelling of the legs, the chronic cough, and, in the entire horse, the
swelling of the testicles.

On healing, the chancres on the mucous membranes leave small, whitish,
star-shaped scars, hard and indurated to the touch, and which remain for