nters the Irrawaddy, after flowing
through the entire length of the Upper and Lower Chindwin districts, in
about 21 deg. 30' N. and 95 deg. 15' E. Its extreme outlets are 22 m.
apart, the interval forming a succession of long, low, partially populated
islands. The most southerly mouth of the Chindwin is, according to
tradition, an artificial channel, cut by one of the kings of Pag[=a]n. It
was choked up for many centuries until in 1824 it was opened out by an
exceptional flood. The Tanai (it is frequently called Tanaikha, but _kha_
is merely the Kachin word for river), as long as it retains that name, is
a swift, clear river, from 50 to 300 yds. wide and from 3 to 15 ft. deep.
The river is navigated by native boats in the Hukawng valley, but launches
cannot come up from the Chindwin proper because of the reefs below Taro.

The Taron, Turong or Towang river seems to be the real main source of
the Chindwin. It flows into the Hukawng valley from the north, and has
a swift current with a succession of rapids. Its sources are in the
hills to the south of Sadiya, rising from 10,000 to 11,000 ft. above
sea-level. It flows through a deep valley, with a general E. and W.
direction, as far as its junction with the Loglai. It then turns S.,
and after draining an intricate system of hills, breaks into the
Hukawng valley a few miles N. of Saraw, and joins or receives the
Tanai about 10 m. above Kintaw village. Except the Tanai, the chief
branches of the Upper Chindwin rise in mountains that are covered at
least with winter snows. Below the Hukawng valley the Chindwin is
interrupted at several places by fails or transverse reefs. At the
village of Haksa there is a fall, which necessitates transhipment from
large boats to canoes. Not far below this the Uyu river comes in on
the left bank at Homalin, and from this point downwards the steamers
of the Irrawaddy Flotilla Company ply for the greater part of the
year. The Uyu flows through a fertile and well-cultivated valley, and
during the rainy season it is navigable for a distance of 150 m. from
its mouth by steamers of light draught. Ordinarily regular steam
communication with Homalin ceases in the dry weather, but from Kindat,
nearly 150 m. below it, there are weekly steamers all the year round.
Below Kindat the only considerable affluent of the Chindwin is the
Myit-tha, which receives the Chin hills drainage. The Chindwin rises
considera