for aid_).

3. In connection with the Gerundive; as,--

decemviri legibus scribundis, _decemvirs for codifying the laws_;

me gerendo bello ducem creavere, _me they have made leader for carrying
on the war_.

NOTE.--This construction with the gerundive is not common till Livy.

Dative with Adjectives.

192. The use of the Dative with Adjectives corresponds very closely to its
use with verbs. Thus:--

1. Corresponding to the Dative of Indirect Object it occurs with adjectives
signifying: _friendly_, _unfriendly_, _similar_, _dissimilar_, _equal_,
_near_, _related to_, etc.; as,--

mihi inimicus, _hostile to me_;

sunt proximi Germanis, _they are next to the Germans_;

noxiae poena par esto, _let the penalty be equal to the damage_.

a. For propior and proximus with the Accusative, see Sec. 141, 3.

2. Corresponding to the Dative of Purpose, the Dative occurs with
adjectives signifying: _suitable_, _adapted_, _fit_; as,--

castris idoneus locus, _a place fit for a camp_;

apta dies sacrificio, _a day suitable for a sacrifice_.

NOTE.--Adjectives of this last class often take the Accusative with ad.

Dative of Direction.

193. In the poets the Dative is occasionally used to denote the _direction
of motion_; as,--

it clamor caelo, _the shout goes heavenward_;

cineres rivo fluenti jace, _cast the ashes toward a flowing stream_.

1. By an extension of this construction the poets sometimes use the Dative
to denote the _limit of motion_; as,--

dum Latio deos inferret, _till he should bring his gods to Latium_.

* * * * *

THE GENITIVE.

194. The Genitive is used with Nouns, Adjectives, and Verbs.

GENITIVE WITH NOUNS.

195. With Nouns the Genitive is _the case which defines the meaning of the
limited noun more closely_. This relation is generally indicated in English
by the preposition of. There are the following varieties of the Genitive
with Nouns:--

Genitive of Origin, Objective Genitive,
Genitive of Material, Genitive of the Whole,
Genitive of Possession, Appositional Genitive,
Subjective Genitive, Genitive of Quality.

196. Genitive of Origin; as,--

Marci filius, _the son of Marcus_.

197. Genitive of Material; as,--

talentum auri, _a talent of gold_;

acervus frumenti, _a pile of grain_.

198. Genitive of Possession or Ownership; as,--

domus Ciceronis