d)!

d) Dative of Separation. Some verbs of _taking away_, especially
compounds of ab, de, ex, ad, govern a Dative of the person, less often of
the thing; as,--

honorem detraxerunt homini, _they took away the honor from the man_;

Caesar regi tetrarchiam eripuit, _Caesar took the tetrarchy away from
the king_;

silici scintillam excudit, _he struck a spark from the flint_.

Dative of Agency.

189. The Dative is used to denote _agency_--

1. Regularly with the Gerundive; as,--

haec nobis agenda sunt, _these things must be done by us_;

mihi eundum est, _I must go_ (lit. _it must be gone by me_).

a. To avoid ambiguity, a with the Ablative is sometimes used with the
Gerundive; as,--

hostibus a nobis parcendum est, _the enemy must be spared by us_.

2. Much less frequently with the compound tenses of the passive voice and
the perfect passive participle; as,--

disputatio quae mihi nuper habita est, _the discussion which was
recently conducted by me_.

3. Rarely with the uncompounded tenses of the passive; as,--

honesta bonis viris quaeruntur, _noble ends are sought by good men_.

Dative of Possession.

190. The Dative of Possession occurs with the verb esse in such expressions
as:--

mihi est liber, _I have a book_;

mihi nomen est Marcus, _I have the name Marcus_.

1. But with nomen est the name is more commonly attracted into the Dative;
as, mihi Marco nomen est.

Dative of Purpose or Tendency.

191. The Dative of Purpose or Tendency designates _the end toward which an
action is directed_ or _the direction in which it tends_. It is used--

1. Unaccompanied by another Dative; as,--

castris locum deligere, _to choose a place for a camp_;

legiones praesidio relinquere, _to leave the legions as a guard_ (lit.
_for a guard_);

receptui canere, _to sound the signal for a retreat_.

2. Much more frequently in connection with another Dative of the person:--

a) Especially with some form of esse; as,--

fortunae tuae mihi curae sunt, _your fortunes are a care to me_ (lit.
_for a care_);

quibus sunt odio, _to whom they are an object of hatred_;

cui bono? _to whom is it of advantage_?

b) With other verbs; as,--

hos tibi muneri misit, _he has sent these to you for a present_;

Pausanias Atticis venit auxilio, _Pausanias came to the aid of the
Athenians_ (lit. _to the Athenians