\, _annoy, ravage_ (vex)

_333._ Learn the first twenty of the ordinal numerals (Sec. 478). The
ordinals are all declined like /bonus\.

_334._ The distributive numerals are declined like the plural of
/bonus\. The first three are

singuli:, -ae, -a, _one each, one by one_
bi:ni:, -ae, -a, _two each, two by two_
terni:, -ae, -a, _three each, three by three_

_335._ We have learned that, besides its use as object, the accusative
is used to express space relations not covered by the ablative. We have
had such expressions as /per plurimos annos\, _for a great many years_;
/per totum diem\, _for a whole day_. Here the space relation is one of
_extent of time_. We could also say /per decem pedes\, _for ten feet_,
where the space relation is one of _extent of space_. While this is
correct Latin, the usual form is to use the accusative with no
preposition, as,

Vir totum diem cucurrit, _the man ran for a whole day_
Caesar murum decem pedes movit, _Caesar moved the wall ten feet_

_336._ RULE. Accusative of Extent. _Duration of time and extent of
space are expressed by the accusative._

_a._ This accusative answers the questions _how long? how far?_

_b._ Distinguish carefully between the accusative of time _how long_
and the ablative of time _when_, or _within which._

Select the accusatives of time and space and the ablatives of time in
the following:

When did the general arrive? He arrived at two o'clock. How long had
he been marching? For four days. How far did he march? He marched
sixty-five miles. Where has he pitched his camp? Three miles from the
river, and he will remain there several days. The wall around the camp
is ten feet high. When did the war begin? In the first year after the
king's death.

_337._ EXERCISES

First learn the special vocabulary, p. 298.

I. _Caesar in Gaul_. Caesar bellum in Gallia septem annos gessit. Primo
anno Helvetios vicit, et eodem anno multae Germanorum gentes ei sese
dediderunt. Multos iam annos Germani Gallos vexabant[1] et duces Germani
copias suas trans Rhenum saepe traducebant.[1] Non singuli veniebant,
sed multa milia hominum in Galliam contendebant. Qua de causa principes
Galliae concilium convocaverunt atque statuerunt legates ad Caesarem
mittere. Caesar, simul atque hunc rumorem audivit, copias suas sine mora
coegit. Prima luce fortiter cum Germanis proelium commisit. Totum diem
acriter pugnatum est. Caesar ipse a dextro cornu acicm d