troversy has not been settled through the processes of
collective bargaining or through the efforts of the Government,
including those of the Wage Stabilization Board, to which the
controversy was referred on December 22, 1951, pursuant to Executive
Order No. 10233, and a strike has been called for 12:01 A.M., April 9,
1952; and

"Whereas a work stoppage would immediately jeopardize and imperil our
national defense and the defense of those joined with us in resisting
aggression, and would add to the continuing danger of our soldiers,
sailors, and airmen engaged in combat in the field; and

"Whereas in order to assure the continued availability of steel and
steel products during the existing emergency, it is necessary that the
United States take possession of and operate the plants, facilities, and
other property of the said companies as hereinafter provided:

"Now, Therefore, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the
Constitution and laws of the United States, and as President of the
United States and Commander in Chief of the armed forces of the United
States, it is hereby ordered as follows:

"1. The Secretary of Commerce is hereby authorized and directed to take
possession of all or such of the plants, facilities, and other property
of the companies named in the list attached hereto, or any part thereof,
as he may deem necessary in the interests of national defense; and to
operate or to arrange for the operation thereof and to do all things
necessary for, or incidental to, such operation.

"2. In carrying out this order the Secretary of Commerce may act through
or with the aid of such public or private instrumentalities or persons
as he may designate; and all Federal agencies shall cooperate with the
Secretary of Commerce to the fullest extent possible in carrying out the
purposes of this order.

"3. The Secretary of Commerce shall determine and prescribe terms and
conditions of employment under which the plants, facilities, and other
properties possession of which is taken pursuant to this order shall be
operated. The Secretary of Commerce shall recognize the rights of
workers to bargain collectively through representatives of their own
choosing and to engage in concerted activities for the purpose of
collective bargaining, adjustment of grievances or other mutual aid or
protection, provided that such activities do not interfere with the
operation of such plants, facilities, and other properties.

"4. E