s 551
Declaratory Judgment Act of 1934 551
"Case or controversy" test in declaratory judgment
proceedings 552
Cases arising under the Constitution, laws, and treaties of
the United States 553
Definition 553
Judicial review 554
Judicial review and national supremacy 554
Judicial review of acts of Congress 556
Hamilton's argument 558
Marbury _v._ Madison 559
Marshall's argument 559
Importance of Marbury _v._ Madison 560
Limits to the exercise of judicial review 561
The doctrine of "strict necessity" 562
The doctrine of political questions 562
The "reasonable doubt" doctrine 563
Exclusion of extra-constitutional tests 564
Disallowance by statutory interpretation 565
Stare decisis in constitutional law 565
Allegations of federal question 566
Corporations chartered by Congress 568
Removal from State courts of suits against federal
officials 568
Tennessee _v._ Davis 569
Supreme Court review of State court decisions 570
Suits affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and
consuls 571
When ambassadors, etc., are affected 571
Cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction 572
Origin and characteristics 572
Congressional interpretation of the admiralty clause 572
Judicial approval of congressional interpretation 573
Two types of cases 573
Maritime torts 574
Prize cases, forfeitures, etc.