[57] United States _v._ Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 299 U.S. 304, 327
(1936).

[58] _See_ White House Digest of Provisions of Law Which Would Become
Operative upon Proclamation of a National Emergency by the President.
The Digest is dated December 11, 1950. It was released to the press on
December 16th.

[59] 56 Stat. 23.

[60] Cong. Rec. 77th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 88, pt. 5, p. 7044 (September
7, 1942).

[61] 50 U.S.C.A. War, App. 1651. For Emergency War Agencies that were
functioning at any particular time, consult the _United States
Government Manual_ of the approximate date. The executive order creating
an agency is cited by number. For a Chronological List of Wartime
Agencies (including government corporations) and some account of their
creation down to the close of 1942, _see_ chapter on War Powers and
Their Administration by Dean Arthur T. Vanderbilt in 1942 Annual Survey
of American Law (New York University School of Law, 1945), pp. 106-231.
At the close of the war there were 29 agencies grouped under OEM, of
which OCD, WMC, and OC were the first to fold up. At the same date there
were 101 separate government corporations, engaged variously in
production, transportation, power-generation, banking and lending,
housing, insurance, merchandising, and other lines of business and
enjoying the independence of autonomous republics, being subject to
neither Congressional nor presidential scrutiny, nor to audit by the
General Accounting Office.

[62] 143 F. 2d. 145 (1944).

[63] _See_ Corwin, The President, Office and Powers (3d ed.) 296, 492.

[64] Exec. Order 9066, 7 Fed. Reg. 1407.

[65] 56 Stat. 173.

[66] Hirabayashi _v._ United States, 320 U.S. 81, 91-92 (1943).

[67] Korematsu _v._ United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944).

[68] New York Times, June 10, 1941.

[69] 7 Fed. Reg. 237.

[70] 57 Stat. 163.

[71] "During the course of the year [1945] the President directed the
seizure of many of the nation's industries in the course of labor
disputes. The total number of facilities taken over is significant: two
railroad systems, one public utility, nine industrial companies, the
transportation systems of two cities, the motor carriers in one city, a
towing company and a butadiene plant. In addition thereto the President
on April 10 seized 218 bituminous coal mines belonging to 162 companies
and on May 7, 33 more bituminous mines of 24 additional companies. The
anthracite coal industry fared no better;