886.
He was returned as Conservative member for Southwark at a by-election
early in 1880, but failed to retain his seat at the general election
which followed a month or two later; he found a seat at Plymouth,
however, which he retained until 1900. He was solicitor-general in the
Conservative administration of 1886-1892, but declined office under the
Unionist government of 1895 when the law officers of the crown were
debarred from private practice. The most remarkable, perhaps, of his
speeches in the House of Commons was his reply to Mr Gladstone on the
second reading of the Home Rule Bill in 1893. In 1899 differences which
arose between Sir Edward Clarke and his party on the subject of the
government's South African policy led to his resigning his seat. At the
general election of 1906 he was returned at the head of the poll for the
city of London, but he offended a large section of his constituents by a
speech against tariff reform in the House of Commons on the 12th of
March, and shortly afterwards he resigned his seat on grounds of health.
He published a _Treatise on the Law of Extradition_ (4th ed., 1903), and
also three volumes of his political and forensic speeches.

CLARKE, JAMES FREEMAN (1810-1888), American preacher and author, was
born in Hanover, New Hampshire, on the 4th of April 1810. He was
prepared for college at the public Latin school of Boston, and graduated
at Harvard College in 1829, and at the Harvard Divinity School in 1833.
He was then ordained as minister of a Unitarian congregation at
Louisville, Kentucky, which was then a slave state. Clarke soon threw
himself heart and soul into the national movement for the abolition of
slavery, though he was never what was then called in America a "radical
abolitionist." In 1839 he returned to Boston, where he and his friends
established (1841) the "Church of the Disciples." It brought together a
body of men and women active and eager in applying the Christian
religion to the social problems of the day, and he would have said that
the feature which distinguished it from any other church was that they
also were ministers of the highest religious life. Ordination could make
no distinction between him and them. Of this church he was the minister
from 1841 until 1850 and from 1854 until his death. He was also
secretary of the Unitarian Association and, in 1867-1871 professor of
natural religion and Christian doctrine at Harvard. From the beginning
of his active