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laration concludes the fact. We, nevertheless, reply: It must be not their declaration, but the fact, that concludes the fact." [Footnote 180: The _Times_, June 3, 1861.] [Footnote 181: _Ibid._, June 11, 1861.] [Footnote 182: _U.S. Messages and Documents, 1861-2_, p. 87.] [Footnote 183: _Parliamentary Papers, 1862, Lords_, Vol. XXV. "Correspondence on Civil War in the United States." No. 56. Lyons to Russell, June 17, 1861, reporting conference with Seward on June 15.] [Footnote 184: _U.S. Messages and Documents, 1861-62_, p. 104. Adams to Seward, June 14, 1861.] [Footnote 185: Bancroft, the biographer of Seward, takes the view that the protests against the Queen's Proclamation, in regard to privateering and against interviews with the Southern commissioners were all unjustifiable. The first, he says, was based on "unsound reasoning" (II, 177). On the second he quotes with approval a letter from Russell to Edward Everett, July 12, 1861, showing the British dilemma: "Unless we meant to treat them as pirates and to hang them we could not deny them belligerent rights" (II, 178). And as to the Southern commissioners he asserts that Seward, later, ceased protest and writes: "Perhaps he remembered that he himself had recently communicated, through three different intermediaries, with the Confederate commissioners to Washington, and would have met them if the President had not forbidden it." Bancroft, _Seward_, II, 179.] [Footnote 186: Du Bose, _Yancey_, p. 606.] [Footnote 187: _A Cycle of Adams' Letters, 1861-1865_, Vol. I, p. 11. Adams to C.F. Adams, Jnr., June 14, 1861.] [Footnote 188: See _ante_, p. 98. Russell's report to Lyons of this interview of June 12, lays special emphasis on Adams' complaint of haste. _Parliamentary Papers_, 1862, _Lords_, Vol. XXV, "Correspondence on Civil War in the United States," No. 52. Russell to Lyons, June 21, 1861.] [Footnote 189: Hansard, 3rd. Ser., CLXXVII, pp. 1620-21, March 13, 1865.] [Footnote 190: See _ante_, p. 85.] [Footnote 191: C.F. Adams, _Charles Francis Adams_, p. 172. In preparing a larger life of his father, never printed, the son later came to a different opinion, crediting Russell with foresight in hastening the Proclamation to avoid possible embarrassment with Adams on his arrival. The quotation from the printed "Life" well summarizes, however, current American opinion.] [Footnote 192: _U.S. Documents_, Ser. No. 347, Doc. 183, p. 6.
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