nds to the crown, and
the increased burdens laid on temporal lands, the proportion of general
taxation borne by the burghs (viz. 1s. 6d.) was expressly preserved by
act 1587, c. 112. The number of commissioners, of course, fluctuated
from time to time. Cromwell assigned ten members to the Scottish burghs
in the second parliament of Three Nations (1654). The general practice
until 1619 had been, apparently, that each burgh should send two
members. In that year (by an arrangement with the convention of burghs)
certain groups of burghs returned one member, Edinburgh returning two.
Under art. 22 of the treaty of Union the number of members for royal
burghs was fixed at fifteen, who were elected in Edinburgh by the
magistrates and town council, and in the groups of burghs by delegates
chosen ad hoc. (W. C. S.)

See C. Gross, _Bibliography of British Municipal History_ (1897),
which contains all needful references up to that date; F.W. Maitland,
_Township and Borough_ (1898); A. Ballard, _Domesday Boroughs_ (1904);
M. Bateson, _Borough Customs_ (1904-1906); S. and B. Webb, _English
Local Government_ (3 vols., 1906-1908). For the character of the
modern Scottish burgh see Mabel Atkinson, _Local Government in
Scotland_ (Edinburgh, 1904), where other works are mentioned.

BOROUGHBRIDGE, a market town in the Ripon parliamentary division of the
West Riding of Yorkshire, England; 22 m. N.W. of York on a branch of the
North Eastern railway. Pop. (1901) 830. It lies in the central plain of
Yorkshire, on the river Ure near its confluence with the Swale. It is in
the parish of Aldborough, the village of that name (q.v.), celebrated
for its Roman remains, lying a mile south-east.

About half a mile to the west of Boroughbridge there are three upright
stones called the Devil's Arrows, which are of uncertain origin but
probably of the Celtic period. The manor of Boroughbridge, then called
Burc, was held by Edward the Confessor and passed to William the
Conqueror, but suffered so much from the ravages of his soldiers that
by 1086 it had decreased in value from L10 to 55 s. When the site of
the Great North Road was altered, towards the end of the 11th century,
a bridge was built across the Ure, about half a mile above the Roman
bridge at Aldborough, and called Burgh bridge or Ponteburgem. This
caused a village to spring up, and it afterwards increased so much as
to become a market town. In 122