ertinentia ad opticam et astronomiam, &c._, which appeared in 1785 in
five volumes quarto. After a visit of some months to the convent of
Vallombrosa, he went to Milan and resumed his literary labours. But his
health was failing, his reputation was on the wane, his works did not
sell, and he gradually sank a prey to illness and disappointment. He
fell into melancholy, imbecility, and at last madness, with lucid
intervals, and died at Milan on the 15th (13th) of February 1787. In
addition to the works already mentioned Boscovich published _Elementa
universae matheseos_ (1754), the substance of the course of study
prepared for his pupils; and a narrative of his travels, entitled
_Giornale di un viaggio da Constantinopoli in Polonia_, of which several
editions and a French translation appeared. His latest labour was the
editing of the Latin poems of his friend Benedict Stay on the philosophy
of Descartes, with scientific annotations and supplements.
(W. L. R. C.)

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, or BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, two provinces formerly
included in European Turkey, which now, together with Dalmatia, form the
southernmost territories of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The name
_Herzegovina_ is also written _Hertzegovina, Hertsegovina_ or, in
Croatian, _Hercegovina_. In shape roughly resembling an equilateral
triangle, with base uppermost, Bosnia and Herzegovina cover an area of
19,696 sq. m., in the north-west of the Balkan Peninsula. They are
bounded N. and N.W. by Croatia-Slavonia; W. and S.W. by Dalmatia; S.E.
by Montenegro and the Sanjak of Novibazar; and N.E. by Servia. Opposite
to the promontory of Sabbioncello, and at the entrance to the Bocche di
Cattaro, the frontier of Herzegovina comes down to the Adriatic; but
these two strips of coast do not contain any good harbour, and extend
only for a total distance of 14-1/2 m. Bosnia is altogether an inland
territory.

1. _Physical Features._--Along the Dalmatian border, and through the
centre of Bosnia, runs the backbone of the Dinaric Alps, which attain
their greatest altitudes (6000-7500 ft.) near Travnik, Serajevo and
Mostar. There are numerous high valleys shut in among the mountains of
this range; the most noteworthy being the plain of Livno, which lies
parallel to the Dalmatian border, at a height of 500 ft. above the sea.
The zone of highlands throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina reaches a mean
altitude of 1500 ft., while summits of more than 4000 ft. occur
f