on, the case is summarily decided at the
_Bagatelle Gericht_, or court for trifling cases. The number of lawyers
admitted to practice is strictly limited. As far as possible, the
Turkish law was retained during the period of occupation; all cases
between Moslems were settled in separate courts by Moslem judges,
against whom there was an appeal to the supreme court, aided by
assessors. All able-bodied males are liable, on reaching their 21st
year, for 3 years' service with the colours, and 9 years in the reserve.
The garrison numbers about 20,000 Austrian troops, and there are 7100
native troops. The principal military stations are Bjelina, Zvornik,
Visegrad, Gorazda, Foca, Bilek, Avtovac and Trebinje, along the eastern
frontier; Mostar and Stolac in the south; Livno in the west; and Bihac
in the north.

12. _Religion._--In 1895 43% of the population were Orthodox Christians,
35% Moslems and 21% Roman Catholics. The patriarch of Constantinople is
the nominal head of the Orthodox priesthood; but by an arrangement
concluded in 1879, his authority was delegated to the Austrian emperor,
in exchange for a revenue equal to the tribute previously paid by the
clergy of the provinces; and his nominations for the metropolitanate of
Serajevo, and the bishoprics of Dolnja Tuzla, Banjaluka and Mostar
require the imperial assent. Under Turkish rule the communes chose their
own parish priests, but this right is now vested in the government. The
Roman Catholics have an archbishop in Serajevo, a bishop in Mostar and
an apostolic administrator in Banjaluka. Serajevo is also the seat of
the Jewish chief rabbi; and of the highest Moslem ecclesiastic, or
_reis-el-ulema_, who with his council is nominated and paid by the
government. The inferior Moslem clergy draw their stipends from the
_Vakuf_. Considerable bitterness prevails between the rival confessions,
each aiming at political ascendancy, but the government favours none. In
order to conciliate even the Moslems, who include the bulk of the great
landholders and of the urban population, its representatives visit the
mosques in state on festivals; grants are made for the Mecca pilgrimage;
and even the howling Dervishes in Serajevo are maintained by the state.

13. _Education._--Education for boys and girls between the ages of seven
and fifteen is free, but not compulsory. The state supports primary
schools (352 in 1905), where reading, writing, arithmetic and history
are taught; and sepa