rebuilt in 1806, is fine. There are some tanneries, and the fishing
industry is important, but the coral production of Sicily has entirely
destroyed that of Bosa since 1887. The district produces oil and wine.
The present town of Bosa was founded in 1112 by the Malaspina, 1-1/2 m.
from the site of the ancient town (Bosa or Calmedia), where a
well-preserved church still exists. The old town is of Roman origin, but
is only mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy, and as a station on the
coast-road in the Itineraries (_Corp. Inscr. Lat._ x. 7939 seq.). One of
the inscriptions preserved in the old cathedral records the erection of
four silver statues, of Antoninus Pius, his wife Faustina and their two
sons.

BOSBOOM-TOUSSAINT, ANNA LOUISA GEERTRUIDA (1812-1886), Dutch novelist,
was born at Alkmaar in north Holland on the 16th of September 1812. Her
father, named Toussaint, a local chemist of Huguenot descent, gave her a
fair education, and at an early period of her career she developed a
taste for historical research, fostered, perhaps, by a forced indoor
life, the result of weak health. In 1851 she married the Dutch painter,
Johannes Bosboom (1817-1891), and thereafter was known as Mrs
Bosboom-Toussaint. Her first romance, _Almagro_, appeared in 1837,
followed by the _Graaf van Devonshire_ (_The Earl of Devonshire_) in
1838; the _Engelschen te Rome_ (_The English at Rome_) in 1840, and _Het
Huis Lauernesse (The House of Lauernesse_) in 1841, an episode of the
Reformation, translated into many European languages. These stories,
mainly founded upon some of the most interesting epochs of Dutch
history, betrayed a remarkable grasp of facts and situations, combined
with an undoubted mastery over her mother tongue, though her style is
sometimes involved, and not always faultless. Ten years (1840-1850) were
mainly devoted to further studies, the result of which was revealed in
1851-1854, when her _Leycester in Nederland_ (3 vols.), _Vrouwen van het
Leycestersche Tydperk (Women of Leicester's Epoch_, 3 vols.), and
_Gideon Florensz_ (3 vols.) appeared, a series dealing with Robert
Dudley's adventures in the Low Countries. After 1870 Mrs
Bosboom-Toussaint abandoned historical romance for the modern society
novel, but her _Delftsche Wonderdokter (The Necromancer of Delft_, 1871,
3 vols.) and _Majoor Frans_ (1875, 3 vols.) did not command the success
of her earlier works. _Major Frank_ has been translated into English
(1885). She died at