the Hague on the 13th of April 1886. Her novels have
been published there in a collected edition (1885-1888, 25 vols.).

BOSC, LOUIS AUGUSTIN GUILLAUME (1759-1828), French naturalist, was born
at Paris on the 29th of January 1759. He was educated at the college of
Dijon, where he showed a taste for botany, and he followed up his
studies in Paris at the Jardin des Plantes, where he made the
acquaintance of Mme M.J.P. Roland. At the age of eighteen he obtained a
government appointment, and he rose to be one of the chief officials in
the postal department. Under the ministry of J.M. Roland in 1792 he also
held the post of superintendent of prisons, but the violent outbreaks of
1793 drove him from office, and compelled him to take refuge in flight.
For some months he lay concealed at Sainte-Radegonde, in the forest of
Montmorency, barely subsisting on roots and vegetables. He was enabled
to return to Paris on the fall of Robespierre, and under the title
_Appel a l'impartiale posterite par la citoyenne Roland_ published a
manuscript Mme Roland had entrusted to him before her execution. Soon
afterwards he set out for America, resolving to explore the natural
riches of that country. The immense materials he gathered were never
published in a complete form, but much went to enrich the works of
B.G.E. de Lacepede, P.A. Latreille and others. After his return, on the
establishment of the Directory, he was reinstated in his old office. Of
this he was again deprived by the _coup d'etat_ of 1799, and for a time
he was in great destitution; but by his copious contributions to
scientific literature he contrived to support himself and to lay the
foundations of a solid reputation. He was engaged on the new
_Dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle_, and on the _Encyclopedie
methodique_, he edited the _Dictionnaire raisonne et universel
d'agriculture_, and was one of the editors of the _Annales de
l'agriculture francaise_. He was made inspector of the gardens at
Versailles, and of the public nurseries belonging to the ministry of the
interior. The last years of his life were devoted to an elaborate work
on the vine, for which he had amassed an immense quantity of materials,
but his death at Paris on the 10th of July 1828 prevented its
completion.

BOSCAN ALMOGAVER, JUAN (1490?-1542), Spanish poet, was born about the
close of the 15th century. He was a Catalan of patrician birth, and,
after some years of military service, became tut