imb will be easily straightened out. This
is most easily done with an embryotomy knife furnished with a ring for
the middle finger, so that the blade may be protected in the palm of the
hand. (See Plate XIII, fig. 4.)

FORE LIMB CROSSED OVER BACK OF NECK.--With the long fore limbs of the
foal this readily occurs, and the resulting increase in thickness, both
at the head and shoulder, offers a serious obstacle to progress. (See
Plate XV, fig. 2.) The hand introduced into the passage detects the head
and one fore foot, and farther back on the same side of the head the
second foot, from which the limb may be traced obliquely across the back
of the neck.

If parturition continues to make progress the displaced foot may bruise
and lacerate the vagina. By seizing the limb above the fetlock it may be
easily pushed over the head to the proper side, when parturition will
proceed normally.

FORE LIMB BENT AT KNEE.--The nose and one fore foot present, and on
examination the knee of the missing fore limb is found farther back.
(Plate XV, fig. 1.) First place a noose each on the presenting pastern
and lower jaw, and push back the body of the fetus with a repeller,
while the operator seizing the shank of the bent limb extends it so as
to press back the knee and bring forward the fetlock and foot. As
progress is made little by little the hand is slid down from the region
of the knee to the fetlock, and finally that is secured and brought up
into the passage, when parturition will proceed without hindrance. If
both fore limbs are bent back the head must be noosed and the limbs
brought up as above, one after the other. It is usually best to employ
the left hand for the right fore limb, and the right hand for the left
fore limb.

FORE LIMB TURNED BACK FROM SHOULDERS.--In this case, on exploration by
the side of the head and presenting limb, the shoulder only can be
reached at first. (Plate XV, fig 4.) By noosing the head and presenting
fore limb, they may be drawn forward into the pelvis, and the oiled hand
being carried along the shoulder in the direction of the missing limb is
enabled to reach and seize the forearm just below the elbow. The body is
now pushed back by the assistants pressing on the head and presenting
limb or on a repeller planted in the breast until the knee can be
brought up into the pelvis, after which the procedure is the same as
described in the last paragraph.

HEAD BENT DOWN BETWEEN FORE LIMBS.--This may be