develop, retention or incontinence of urine, and oftentimes sexual
excitement is present. The presence of marked fever at the beginning of
the attack, associated with spinal symptoms, should lead us to suspect
spinal meningitis or myelitis. These two conditions usually appear
together, or myelitis follows inflammation of the meninges so closely
that it is almost impossible to separate the two; practically it does
not matter much, for the treatment will be about the same in both cases.
Spinal meningitis generally becomes chronic, and is then marked
principally by paralysis of that portion, or parts of it, posterior to
the seat of the disease.

_Pathology._--In spinal meningitis we find essentially the same
condition as in cerebral meningitis; there is an effusion of serum
between the membranes, and often a plastic exudation firmly adherent to
the pia mater serves to maintain a state of paralysis for a long time
after the acute symptoms have disappeared by compressing the cord.
Finally, atrophy, softening, and even abscess may develop within the
cord. Unlike in man, it is usually found localized in horses.

_Treatment._--Bags filled with ice should be applied along the spine, to
be followed later by strong blisters. The fever should be controlled as
early as possible by giving 20 drops of Norwood's tincture of veratrum
viride every hour until the desired result is obtained. One dram of the
fluid extract of belladonna, to control pain and vascular excitement of
the spinal cord, may be given every five or six hours until the pupils
of the eyes become pretty well dilated. If the pain is very intense 5
grains of sulphate of morphia should be injected hypodermically. The
animal must be kept as free from excitement as possible. If the urine is
retained in the bladder it must be drawn off every four or six hours. In
very acute attacks the disease generally proves fatal in a few days. If,
however, the animal grows better, some form of paralysis is liable to
remain for a long time, and the treatment will have to be directed then
toward a removal of the exudative products and a strengthening of the
system and stimulation of the nervous functions. To induce absorption,
iodid of potassium in 2-dram doses, dissolved in the drinking water, may
be given twice a day. To strengthen the system, iodid of iron 1 dram
twice a day and 1 dram of nux vomica once a day may be given in the
feed. Electricity to the paralyzed and weakened muscles i