orses should have wet sponges or
light sunshades on the head when at work, or the head may be sponged
with cold water as many times a day as possible. Proper attention should
be given to feeding and watering, never in excess. During the warm
months all stables should be cool and well ventilated, and if an animal
is debilitated from exhaustive work or disease it should receive such
treatment as will tend to build up the system. Horses should be
permitted to drink as much water as they want while they are at work
during hot weather.

An animal which has been affected with sunstroke is very liable to have
subsequent attacks when exposed to the necessary exciting causes.

APOPLEXY OR CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE.

Apoplexy is often confounded with cerebral congestion, but true apoplexy
always consists in rupture of cerebral blood vessels, with blood
extravasation and formation of blood clot.

_Causes._--Two causes are involved in the production of apoplexy, the
predisposing and the exciting. The predisposing cause is degeneration,
or disease which weakens the blood vessel; the exciting cause is any one
which tends to induce cerebral congestion.

_Symptoms._--Apoplexy is characterized by a sudden loss of sensation and
motion, profound coma, and stertorous, difficult breathing. The action
of the heart is little disturbed at first, but soon becomes slower, then
quicker and feebler, and after a little time ceases. If the rupture is
one of a small artery and the extravasation limited, sudden paralysis of
some part of the body is the result. The extent and location of the
paralysis depend upon the location within the brain which is
functionally deranged by the pressure of the extravasated blood; hence
these conditions are very variable.

In the absence of any premonitory symptoms or an increase of temperature
in the early stage of the attack, we may be reasonably certain in making
the distinction between this disease and congestion of the brain, or
sunstroke.

_Pathology._--In apoplexy there is generally found an atheromatous
condition of the cerebral vessels, with weakening and degeneration of
their walls. When a large artery has been ruptured it is usually
followed by immediate death, and large rents may be found in the
cerebrum, with great destruction of brain tissue, induced by the
forcible pressure of the liberated blood. In small extravasations
producing local paralysis without marked general disturbance the animal
may re