drops
his head, begins to stagger, and soon falls to the ground unconscious.
The breathing is marked with great stertor, the pulse is very slow and
irregular, cold sweats break out in patches on the surface of the body,
and the animal often dies without having recovered consciousness.

The temperature becomes very high, reaching 105 deg. to 109 deg. F.

In heat exhaustion the animal usually requires urging for some time
prior to the appearance of any other symptoms, generally perspiration is
checked, and then the horse becomes weak in its gait, the breathing
hurried or panting, eyes watery or bloodshot, nostrils dilated and
highly reddened, assuming a dark, purple color; the pulse is rapid and
weak, the heart bounding, followed by unconsciousness and death. If
recovery takes place, convalescence extends over a long period of time,
during which incoordination of movement may persist.

_Pathology._--Sunstroke, virtually active congestion of the brain, often
accompanied with effusion and blood extravasation, characterizes this
condition, with often rapid and fatal lowering of all the vital
functions. In many instances the death may be due to the complete
stagnation in the circulation of the brain, inducing anemia, or want of
nourishment of that organ. In other cases it may be directly due to the
excessive compression of the nerve matter controlling the heart's
action, and cause paralysis of that organ. There are also changes in the
composition of the blood.

_Treatment._--The animal should be placed in shaded surroundings. Under
no circumstances is blood-letting permissible in sunstroke. Ice or very
cold water should be applied to the head and along the spine, and half
an ounce of carbonate of ammonia or 6 ounces of whisky should be given
in 1 pint of water. Cold water may be used as an enema and should also
be showered upon the body of the horse from the hose or otherwise. This
should be continued until the temperature is down to 103 deg. F. Brisk
friction of the limbs and the application of spirits of camphor often
yields good results. The administration of the stimulants should be
repeated in one hour if the pulse has not become stronger and slower. In
either case, when reaction has occurred, preparations of iron and
general tonics may be given during convalescence: Sulphate of iron, 1
dram; gentian, 3 drams; red cinchona bark, 2 drams; mix and give in feed
morning and evening.

_Prevention._--In very hot weather h