nti_
(1721), _Critica sacra V.T._ (1728), and _Apparatus Historico-criticus
Antiquitatum V. Test._ (1748). He died at Lubeck on the 7th of April
1767.

JOHANN BENEDIKT CARPZOV (1720-1803), great-grandson of the first Johann
Benedikt, was born at Leipzig, became professor of philosophy there in
1747, and in the following year removed to Helmstadt as professor of
poetry and Greek. In 1749 he was named also professor of theology. He
was author of various philological works, wrote a dissertation on
Mencius, and published an edition of Musaeus. He died on the 28th of
April 1803.

On the family of Carpzov, see Dreyhaupt, _Beschreibung des
Saalkreises_, Beilagen zu Theil 2. S. 26.

CARRANZA, BARTOLOME (1503-1576), Spanish theologian, sometimes called de
Miranda or de Carranza y Miranda, younger son of Pedro Carranza, a man
of noble family, was born at Miranda d'Arga, Navarre, in 1503. He
studied (1515-1520) at Alcala, where Sancho Carranza, his uncle, was
professor; entering (1520) the Dominican order, and then (1521-1525) at
Salamanca and at Valladolid, where from 1527 he was teacher of theology.
No Spaniard save Melchior Canus rivalled him in learning; students from
all parts of Spain flocked to hear him. In 1530 he was denounced to the
Inquisition as limiting the papal power and leaning to opinions of
Erasmus, but the process failed; he was made professor of philosophy and
(1533-1539) regent in theology. In 1539, as representative to the
chapter-general of his order he visited Rome; here he was made doctor of
theology, and while he mixed with the liberal circle associated with
Juan de Valdes, he had also the confidence of Paul III. Returning to
Valladolid, he acted as censor (_cualificador_) of books (including
versions of the Bible) for the Inquisition. In 1540 he was nominated to
the sees of Canaria and of Cusco, Peru, but declined both. Charles V.
chose him as envoy to the council of Trent (1546). He insisted on the
imperative duty of bishops and clergy to reside in their benefices,
publishing at Venice (1547) his discourse to the council _De necessaria
residentia personali_, which he treated as _juris divini_. His Lenten
sermon to the council, on justification, caused much remark. He was made
provincial of his order for Castile. Charles sent him to England (1554)
with his son Philip on occasion of the marriage with Mary. He became
Mary's confessor, and laboured earnestly for the re-establishment of the
old