religion, especially in Oxford. In 1557 Philip appointed him to the
archbishopric of Toledo; he accepted with reluctance, and was
consecrated at Brussels on the 27th of February 1558. He was at the
deathbed of Charles V. (21st of September) and gave him extreme unction;
then raised a curious controversy as to whether Charles, in his last
moments, had been infected with Lutheranism. The same year he was again
denounced to the Inquisition, on the ground of his _Comentarios sobre el
Catechismo_ (Antwerp, 1558), which in 1563, however, was approved by a
commission of the council of Trent. He had evidently lost favour with
Philip, by whose order he was arrested at Tordelaguna (1559) and
imprisoned for nearly eight years, and the book was placed on the Index.
The process dragged on. Carranza appealed to Rome, was taken thither in
December 1566, and confined for ten years in the castle of St Angelo.
The final judgment found no proof of heresy, but compelled him to abjure
sixteen errors, rather extorted than extracted from his writings,
suspended him from his see for five years, and secluded him to the
Dominican cloister of Sta Maria sopra Minerva. Seven days after his
abjuration he died, on the 2nd of May 1576. He was succeeded in his see
by the inquisitor-general, Gaspar Quiroga. Yet the Spanish people
honoured him as a saint; Gregory XIII. placed a laudatory inscription on
his tomb in the church of Sta Maria. His real crime was not heresy but
reform. His _Summa Conciliorum et Pontificum_ (Venice, 1546) has been
often reprinted (as late as 1821), and has permanent value.

See P. Salazar de Miranda, _Vida_ (1788); H. Laugwitz, _Bartholomaus
Carranza_ (1870); J.A. Llorente, _Hist. Inquisition in Spain_ (English
abridgment, 1826); Hefele in I. Goschler's _Dict. encyclopedique de la
theol. cath._ (1858). (A. Go.*)

CARRARA, or CARRARESI, a powerful family of Longobard origin which ruled
Padua in the 14th century. They take their name from the village of
Carrara near Padua, and the first recorded member of the house is
Gamberto (d. before 970). In the wars between Guelphs and Ghibellines
the Carraresi at first took the latter side, but they subsequently went
over to the Guelphs. This brought them into conflict with Ezzelino da
Romano; Jacopo da Carrara was besieged by Ezzelino in his castle of
Agna, and while trying to escape was drowned. Another Jacopo led the
Paduans in 1312 against Cangrande della Scala, lord