gler, _Krok_ by Presl, etc. Modern journals of a more
general tendency are _Wlastimil_ (the Patriot), _Dennica_, etc. Among
the highest nobility the national language found powerful patrons; and
in the establishment of a national Museum, a Bohemian Academy of
Sciences, and similar patriotic institutions, the national literature
received great encouragement. One of the principal objects of this
institution was to publish old works and to patronize new ones. Its
first publication was an old treatise on Bohemian law.[47] The names
of the counts K. Sternberg and Kolowrath-Liebsteinsky must be
mentioned here; to which, in our days, may be added those of the
counts J.M. and Leo Thun.

The leading poet of the present day in the Bohemian language is J.
Kollar, born 1793 at Thurocz in Hungary. In 1821 he published a volume
of poems; and some years later a larger beautiful poem in two cantos,
called _Slawy dzery_, the Daughter of Glory, by which he meant
_Slavina_, or the Slavic nations personified; for _Slava_ means glory.
With talents of the first order, and at the same time purely national,
he imitates Petrarch in some measure; making his nation his Laura,
praising her beauty, and prophesying her ultimate triumph.[48]

The patriotic zeal which in our days has instigated the Slavic
scholars to follow out the traces of their language and history into
the remotest past, in order to clear up more satisfactorily the origin
and primitive connection between the different members of the great
Slavic family, and their relative position to the Germans, has nowhere
been exhibited in a more energetic and disinterested way than in
Bohemia. The idea of Panslavism was here first worked out
systematically.[49] If we are not entirely mistaken, it was the same
Kollar, the Czekho-Slovakian poet, who first conceived, or at least
expressed, that idea. In a Slavic periodical, published in Hungary,
entitled _Hronka_, he came out with an address to his Slavic brethren,
which he himself translated into German. He urged the Slavi to drop
their numerous intellectual family feuds; to consider themselves as
_one_ great nation; their mutual languages essentially as _one_; their
respective interests as one. He prophesied power and predominance to
the Slavi _united_ as a whole. The idea was seized with eagerness;
especially by the Bohemian scholars, in whom a certain irritation
against the Germans, the oppressors of their nation for centuries, was
far from