een executed because of _one_ Northerner seized
by Southern guerillas. (Russell Papers.) The Russell Papers contain a
series of signed or initialled notes in comment, all dated Nov. 14. "W."
(Westbury?) refers to the "horrible atrocities," and urges that, if
Russia will join, the French offer should be accepted. Gladstone wrote,
"I had supposed the question to be closed." "C.W." (Charles Wood), "This
is horrible; but does not change my opinion of the course to be
pursued." "C.P.V." (C.P. Villiers) wrote against accepting the French
proposal, and commented that Stuart had always been a strong partisan of
the South.]

[Footnote 825: Lyons Papers. Hammond to Lyons, Nov. 15, 1862.]

[Footnote 826: The _Times_, Nov. 15, 1862.]

[Footnote 827: The _Herald_, Nov. 14, 1862. This paper was listed by
Hotze of _The Index_, as on his "pay roll." Someone evidently was trying
to earn his salary.]

[Footnote 828: Nov. 15, 1862. It is difficult to reconcile Russell's
editorials either with his later protestations of early conviction that
the North would win or with the belief expressed by Americans that he
was _constantly_ pro-Northern in sentiment, e.g., Henry Adams, in _A
Cycle of Adams' Letters_, I, 14l.]

[Footnote 829: _The Index_, Nov. 20, 1862, p. 56.]

[Footnote 830: _Ibid._, Jan. 15, 1863, p. 191.]

[Footnote 831: _Ibid._, Jan. 22, 1863, p. 201.]

[Footnote 832: _Ibid._, May 28, 1863, p. 72.]

[Footnote 833: Mason Papers. To Mason, Nov. 28, 1862.]

[Footnote 834: Pickett Papers. Slidell to Benjamin, Nov. 29, 1862. This
despatch is not in Richardson, _Messages and Papers of the Confederacy_,
and illustrates the gaps in that publication.]

[Footnote 835: Rhodes, IV, 347. Bright to Sumner, Dec. 6, 1862.]

[Footnote 836: Goldwin Smith told of this plan in 1904, in a speech at a
banquet in Ottawa. He had destroyed Gladstone's letter outlining it.
_The Ottawa Sun_, Nov. 16, 1904.]

[Footnote 837: Almost immediately after Lyons' return to Washington,
Stoeckl learned from him, and from Mercier, also, that England and
France planned to offer mediation and that if this were refused the
South would be recognized. Stoeckl commented to the Foreign Office:
"What good will this do?" It would not procure cotton unless the ports
were forced open and a clear rupture made with the North. He thought
England understood this, and still hesitated. Stoeckl went on to urge
that if all European Powers joined England and France they would