ld the North. Could this England of the people affect
governmental policy and influence its action toward America? Lyons
correctly interpreted the North and Seward as now more inclined to press
the British Government on points previously glossed over, and in the
same month in which Lyons wrote this opinion there was coming to a head
a controversy over Britain's duty as a neutral, which both during the
war and afterwards long seemed to Americans a serious and distinctly
unfriendly breach of British neutrality. This was the building in
British ports of Confederate naval vessels of war.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 846: _Punch_, Nov. 22, 1862, has a cartoon picturing
Palmerston as presenting this view to Napoleon III.]

[Footnote 847: Rhodes, IV, p. 348.]

[Footnote 848: F.O., Am., Vol. 875. No. 80. Confidential. Lyons to
Russell, Jan. 27, 1863. This date would have permitted Mercier to be
already in receipt of Napoleon's instructions, though he gave no hint of
it in the interview with Lyons.]

[Footnote 849: Mercier had in fact approached Stoeckl on a joint offer
of mediation without England. Evidently Stoeckl had asked instructions
and those received made clear that Russia did not wish to be compelled
to face such a question. She did not wish to offend France, and an offer
without England had no chance of acceptance (Russian Archives, F.O. to
Stoeckl, Feb. 16, 1863 (O.S.)).]

[Footnote 850: F.O. Am., Vol. 876. No. 108. Confidential. Lyons to
Russell, Feb. 2, 1863.]

[Footnote 851: Rhodes, IV, p. 348.]

[Footnote 852: F.O., Am., Vol. 868, No. 86.]

[Footnote 853: Hansard, 3rd. Ser., CLXIX, pp. 5-53, and 69-152.]

[Footnote 854: _Ibid._, pp. 1714-41. March 23, 1863.]

[Footnote 855: Ashley, _Palmerston_, II, 208-9. To Ellice, May 5, 1861.]

[Footnote 856: July 13, 1861.]

[Footnote 857: Harriet Martineau, _Autobiography_, p. 508, To Mrs.
Chapman, Aug. 8, 1861.]

[Footnote 858: Sept. 21, 1861.]

[Footnote 859: _Saturday Review_, Nov. 17, 1860.]

[Footnote 860: Russell Papers. To Russell.]

[Footnote 861: Gladstone Papers. Russell to Gladstone, Jan. 26, 1862.]

[Footnote 862: Article in _Fraser's Magazine_, Feb. 1862, "The Contest
in America."]

[Footnote 863: Hansard, 3rd Ser., CXLV, p. 387, Feb. 17, 1862.]

[Footnote 864: Pierce, _Sumner_, IV, pp. 41-48, and 63-69.]

[Footnote 865: Raymond, _Life, Public Services and State Papers of
Abraham Lincoln_, p. 243.]

[Footnote 866: _Ibid._, pp. 229-32.]