d.)_]

[Footnote 783: Palmerston MS. Appended to the Memorandum were the texts
of the emancipation proclamation, Seward's circular letter of September
22, and an extract from the _National Intelligencer_ of September 26,
giving Lincoln's answer to Chicago abolitionists.]

[Footnote 784: Morley, _Gladstone_, II, 80, narrates the "tradition."
Walpole, _Twenty-five Years_, II, 57, states it as a fact. Also
_Education of Henry Adams_, pp. 136, 140. Over forty years later an
anonymous writer in the _Daily Telegraph_, Oct. 24, 1908, gave exact
details of the "instruction" to Lewis, and of those present. (Cited in
Adams, _A Crisis in Downing Street_, pp. 404-5.) C.F. Adams,
_Trans-Atlantic Historical Solidarity_, Ch. III, repeats the tradition,
but in _A Crisis in Downing Street_ he completely refutes his earlier
opinion and the entire tradition. The further narrative in this chapter,
especially the letters of Clarendon to Lewis, show that Lewis acted
solely on his own initiative.]

[Footnote 785: Anonymously, in the _Edinburgh_, for April, 1861, Lewis
had written of the Civil War in a pro-Northern sense, and appears never
to have accepted fully the theory that it was impossible to reconquer
the South.]

[Footnote 786: Cited in Adams, _A Crisis in Downing Street_, p. 407.]

[Footnote 787: Derby, in conversation with Clarendon, had characterized
Gladstone's speech as an offence against tradition and best practice.
Palmerston agreed, but added that the same objection could be made to
Lewis' speech. Maxwell, _Clarendon_, II, 267. Palmerston to Clarendon,
Oct. 20, 1862. Clarendon wrote Lewis, Oct. 24, that he did not think
this called for any explanation by Lewis to Palmerston, further proof of
the falsity of Palmerston's initiative. _Ibid._, p. 267.]

[Footnote 788: _The Index_, Oct. 16, 1862, warned against acceptance of
Gladstone's Newcastle utterances as indicating Government policy,
asserted that the bulk of English opinion was with him, but ignorantly
interpreted Cabinet hesitation to the "favour of the North and bitter
enmity to the South, which has animated the diplomatic career of Lord
Russell...." Throughout the war, Russell, to _The Index_, was the evil
genius of the Government.]

[Footnote 789: Palmerston MS.]

[Footnote 790: Maxwell, _Clarendon_, II, 279.]

[Footnote 791: Palmerston MS.]

[Footnote 792: _Parliamentary Papers_, 1863. _Commons_, Vol. I XII.
"Correspondence relating to the Civil War in the Un