Vol. I, 240-241.

The American publication began in the _Port Folio_, I-1, Jan.
3, 1801, Phila. For a review of the English edition, cf. _The
Monthly Review or Literary Journal_, XLV-350, December, 1804,
London.]

A little later, in 1809, Alexander Hill Everett went to Russia as
secretary to the legation and spent several years in different cities
on the continent.[6] George Ticknor visited Germany in 1815 to prepare
for his duties as professor of modern languages at Harvard; and George
Bancroft, after graduating from college in 1817, studied for five
years at Goettingen, Heidelberg and Berlin. Henry E. Dwight was at
Goettingen from 1824-1828 and in the next year published in New York
_Travels in the North of Germany, 1825-6_. It was about this time that
James Fenimore Cooper began his European travels, which lasted from
1826 to 1833.[7] Thus, American scholars had been acquiring German
thought and culture at first hand, before Longfellow or Emerson went
abroad for the first time. With these two the German influence in
America reached its height--Longfellow in literature, and Emerson in
his transcendental philosophy.

[Footnote 6: "He [A. H. Everett] had probably studied German
while he was associated with John Quincy Adams in St.
Petersburg, where German influence was strong and the study
of the language and literature could be pursued under the
most favorable conditions. The _United States Magazine and
Democratic Review_, New York, Vol. X (N. S.) 1842--p. 461,
states that he studied at St. Petersburg, among other things,
the modern languages."

Frederick H. Wilkens, _Early Influence of German Literature
in America_ in the _Americana Germanica_, III, No. 2, p.
155.]

[Footnote 7: M. D. Learned, _German as a Culture Element in
American Education_, Milwaukee, 1898.]

This was the second channel by which German literature became known in
this country. The first, as has already been indicated, came
indirectly through England. There, considerable activity in this line
had been manifest since 1790. Books of translations were published and
the magazines contained many fugitive pieces from the German. It is
chiefly a reflex of this interest that we find in American periodicals
to the end of 1810.

In America, likewise, German literature was made known to English
readers by means of translations either in book form or in the
magazines. The subject o