brutchev and Grum Grijmailo took the usual route from Kanchau
to Sining. After the murder of Dutreuil de Rhins at Tung bu _m_do, his
companion, Grenard, arrived at Sining, and left it on the 29th July, 1894.
Dr. Sven Hedin gives in his book his own drawing of a gate of Sining-fu,
where he arrived on the 25th November, 1896.--H. C.]

Sining is called by the Tibetans _Ziling_ or Jiling, by the Mongols
_Seling Khoto_. A shawl wool texture, apparently made in this quarter, is
imported into Kashmir and Ladak, under the name of _S'ling_. I have
supposed Sining to be also the _Zilm_ of which Mr. Shaw heard at Yarkand,
and am answerable for a note to that effect on p. 38 of his _High
Tartary_. But Mr. Shaw, on his return to Europe, gave some rather strong
reasons against this. (See _Proc. R. G. S._ XVI. 245; _Kircher_, pp. 64,
66; _Della Penna_, 27; _Davies's Report_, App. p. ccxxix.; _Vigne_, II.
110, 129.) [At present Sining is called by the Tibetans Seling K'ar or
Kuar, and by the Mongols, Seling K'utun, _K'ar_ and _K'utun_ meaning
"fortified city." (_Rockhill, Land of the Lamas_, 49, note.)--H. C.]

[Mr. Rockhill (_Diary of a Journey_, 65) writes: "There must be some
Scotch blood in the Hsi-ningites, for I find they are very fond of oatmeal
and of cracked wheat. The first is called _yen-mei ch'en_, and is eaten
boiled with the water in which mutton has been cooked, or with neat's-foot
oil (_yang-t'i yu_). The cracked wheat (_mei-tzue fan_) is eaten prepared
in the same way, and is a very good dish."--H. C.]

NOTE 3.--The _Dong_, or Wild Yak, has till late years only been known by
vague rumour. It has always been famed in native reports for its great
fierceness. The _Haft Iklim_ says that "it kills with its horns, by its
kicks, by treading under foot, and by tearing with its teeth," whilst the
Emperor Humayun himself told Sidi 'Ali, the Turkish admiral, that when it
had knocked a man down it skinned him from head to heels by licking him
with its tongue! Dr. Campbell states, in the _Journal of the As. Soc. of
Bengal_, that it was said to be four times the size of the domestic Yak.
The horns are alleged to be sometimes three feet long, and of immense
girth; they are handed round full of strong drink at the festivals of
Tibetan grandees, as the Urus horns were in Germany, according to Caesar.

A note, with which I have been favoured by Dr. Campbell (long the
respected Superintendent of British Sikkim) says: "Captain Smith, of