er. The red color on her feet may be seen to-day as evidence
that she performed her duty.

Notes.

None of our stories presents the exact sequence of events found in
other folk-tales of the sending-out of the raven and the dove after
the Deluge to measure the depth of the water; but there can be no
doubt that the Zambal story (c) derives immediately from one of
these. The Visayan account mentions a flood, but not the Deluge. In
the fact that the cause of the great inundation is a quarrel between
two chief Pagan deities, there seems to be preserved an old native
tradition. In the Pampangan story not only is the curse of the crow
attributed to a Pagan deity, Sinukuan, but the occasion of the bird's
downfall is a pestilence. There is no mention whatever of a flood,
nor is the dove alluded to.

Daehnhardt (1 : 283-287) has discussed a number of folk-tales and
traditions of the punishment of the raven and the rewarding of the
dove. These are for the most part associated with popular accounts
of events immediately after the Deluge. Two that seem to be nearly
related to our versions may be reproduced here in English:--

(Polish story of the dove.) When Noah had despatched a dove from the
Ark, the bird alighted on an oak, but soiled its feet in the water of
the Flood, which was all red from the blood of the multitudes that
had been drowned. Since then, doves have all had red feet. (This
detail appears in part word for word in our Zambal story.)

(Arabian tradition recorded by the ninth-century historian
Tabari.) Noah said to the raven, "Go and set foot on the earth and
see how deep the water is now." The raven flew forth. But on the
way it found a corpse; it began to eat of it, and did not return to
Noah. Noah, troubled, cursed the raven: "May God make you despised of
mankind, and may your food always be corpses!" Then Noah sent the dove
forth. The dove flew away, and without alighting dipped its feet in the
water. But the water of the Flood was salty and stinging; it burned
the dove's feet so that the feathers did not grow in again, and the
skin dropped off. Those doves that have red feet without feathers are
the descendants of the dove that Noah sent forth. Then Noah said, "May
God make you welcome among mankind!" For this reason the dove is even
to-day beloved of mankind. (This version is of especial interest in
connection with the Visayan story, which comes from Mindanao, the home
of Mohammedanism in the Philippines