t of the author's peculiar
point of view. The most useful books for the study of the living
language are the series of booklets (five) published by Father
O'Growney, one of the chief promoters of the present movement. Mention
should also be made of J.P. Henry's _Handbook of Modern Irish_, pts.
i.-iv., and of the grammars by P.W. Joyce (Dublin, 1896) and the
Christian Brothers (Dublin, 1901). For the northern form of Irish J.P.
Craig's _Grammar of Modern Irish_ is useful (^2 Dublin, 1904). The
phonetics of a Munster dialect have been investigated by R. Henebry,
_A Contribution to the Phonology of Desi Irish_ (Greifswald, 1901).
The dialect of the Aran Islands off the coast of Galway has been
described by F.N. Finck, _Die Araner Mundart_, i. _Lautlehre und
Grammatik_, ii. _Worterbuch_ (Marburg, 1899). G. Dottin has given an
account of a dialect of North Connaught (Mayo) in the _Revue
celtique_, xiv. pp. 97-137. A study of the speech of the north was
published by E.C. Quiggin under the title of _A Dialect of Donegal,
Phonology and Texts_ (Cambridge, 1906). For an account of the decay of
Irish see H. Zimmer, "Die keltische Bewegung in Irland," _Preussische
Jahrbucher_ for 1898, vol. 93, p. 59 ff., and the last chapter of
Douglas Hyde's _Literary History of Ireland_ (London, 1901).

The work of the earlier compilers of glosses will be mentioned in the
literature section below. The first dictionary of the modern language
of any importance was that published by J. O'Brien in 1768. Next came
E. O'Reilly with his _Irish-English Dictionary_ (Dublin, 1817). This
book contains a vast store of words gathered on no principle whatever
from all manner of sources, and has therefore to be used with caution,
but even at the present day it renders considerable service. A second
edition with a supplement by O'Donovan was published after the
latter's death in 1864. The first trustworthy dictionary of the modern
language was published under the auspices of the Irish Texts Society
by P.J. Dinneen (London, 1904). English-Irish dictionaries have been
compiled by D. Foley (Dublin, 1855); E.E. Fournier (Dublin, 1903); T.
O'Neill Lane (Dublin, 1904).

(b) _Scottish Gaelic._--Scottish Gaelic is the form of Goidelic speech
which was introduced into Scotland by the Dalriadic Scots who came over
from Ireland in the early centuries of our era. We possess practically
no early monuments of t