[329] Where property is taken by the United
States in the exercise of the power of eminent domain, but without
condemnation proceedings, the owner may, under the Tucker Act, bring
suit for just compensation in the Court of Claims or in a district court
sitting as a Court of Claims.[330]

The Fifth Amendment does not require that compensation shall actually be
paid in advance of the taking[331] but the owner is entitled to
reasonable, certain, and adequate provision for obtaining compensation
before his occupancy is disturbed.[332] In time of war or immediate
public danger private property may be impressed into public service
without the consent of the owner, but such taking raises an implied
promise on the part of the United States to reimburse the owner.[333] An
objection that an act of Congress providing for condemnation of land for
a public purpose limited the aggregate amount to be expended was
rejected, since the limitation did not affect the right of property
holders in the event of condemnation.[334]

Notes

[1] Ex parte Wilson, 114 U.S. 417 (1885).

[2] Ibid. 427.

[3] Mackin _v._ United States, 117 U.S. 348, 352 (1886).

[4] United States _v._ Moreland, 258 U.S. 433 (1922).

[5] Ex parte Wilson, 114 U.S. 417, 426 (1885).

[6] Wong Wing _v._ United States, 163 U.S. 228, 237 (1896).

[7] Ex parte Wilson, 114 U.S. 417 (1885).

[8] Mackin _v._ United States, 117 U.S. 348 (1886).

[9] Parkinson _v._ United States, 121 U.S. 281 (1887).

[10] United States _v._ DeWalt, 128 U.S. 393 (1888).

[11] Ex parte Wilson, 114 U.S. 417, 426 (1885).

[12] Duke _v._ United States, 301 U.S. 492 (1937).

[13] Ex parte Bain, 121 U.S. 1, 12 (1887).

[14] Breese _v._ United States, 226 U.S. 1 (1912).

[15] Johnson _v._ Sayre, 158 U.S. 109, 114 (1895).

[16] Ex parte Quirin, 317 U.S. 1, 43, 44 (1942).

[17] Ex parte Lange, 18 Wall. 103, 169 (1874).

[18] Ibid. 172, 173.

[19] Kepner _v._ United States, 195 U.S. 100 (1904). This case arose
under the act of Congress of July 1, 1902 (32 Stat. 631) for the
temporary civil government of the Philippine Islands. To the same effect
are United States _v._ Sanges, 144 U.S. 310, 323 (1892), and United
States _v._ Evans, 213 U.S. 297 (1909), both cases arising within the
United States.

[20] United States _v._ Oppenheimer, 242 U.S. 85 (1916).

[21] United States _v._ Ball, 161 U.S. 622, 669 (1896).

[22] Ex parte Lange, 18 Wall. 163 (1874).

[23] Bozza _v._ United