States, 202 U.S. 344 (1906).

[67] Potter _v._ United States, 155 U.S. 438, 444 (1894).

[68] United States _v._ Carll, 105 U.S. 611 (1882).

[69] United States _v._ Cook, 17 Wall. 168, 174 (1872).

[70] Rosen _v._ United States, 161 U.S. 29, 40 (1896).

[71] United States _v._ Van Duzee, 140 U.S. 169, 173 (1891).

[72] Salinger _v._ United States, 272 U.S. 542, 548 (1926).

[73] Wilson _v._ United States, 221 U.S. 361 (1911).

[74] Kirby _v._ United States, 174 U.S. 47, 61 (1809); Robertson _v._
Baldwin, 165 U.S. 275, 282 (1897).

[75] Mattox _v._ United States, 156 U.S. 237, 240 (1895).

[76] Reynolds _v._ United States, 98 U.S. 145, 160 (1879).

[77] Motes _v._ United States, 178 U.S. 458 (1900).

[78] Kirby _v._ United States, 174 U.S. 47 (1899).

[79] Johnson _v._ Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458, 463 (1938).

[80] United States ex rel. Bilokumsky _v._ Tod, 263 U.S. 149 (1923).

[81] Glasser _v._ United States, 315 U.S. 60 (1942).

[82] United States _v._ Hayman, 342 U.S. 205 (1952).

[83] Adams _v._ United States, 317 U.S. 269 (1942).

[84] Walker _v._ Johnston, 312 U.S. 275 (1941); Von Moltke _v._ Gillies,
332 U.S. 708 (1948). _See also_ United States ex rel. McCann _v._ Adams,
320 U.S. 220 (1943).

AMENDMENT 7

CIVIL TRIALS

Page
Trial by jury in civil cases 891
Origin and purpose of the amendment 891
Trial by jury, elements of, preserved 891
To what courts and cases applicable 892
Cases not governed by the amendment 893
Restrictive force of the amendment 894
Judge and jury 895
Line drawn by the common law 895
Directed verdicts 896
Waiver of right of trial by jury 897
Appeals from State courts to the Supreme Court 897

CIVIL TRIALS

Amendment 7

In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed
twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no
fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the
United States, than according to the rules of the common law.

Trial by Jury in Civil Cases

ORIGIN AND PUR