6, and directing the election of
Charles of Moravia, who received general recognition after the death of
Louis in October 1347, and put an end to the schism which had long
divided Germany. Clement proclaimed a crusade in 1343, but nothing was
accomplished beyond a naval attack on Smyrna (29th of October 1344). He
also carried on fruitless negotiations for church unity with the
Armenians and with the Greek emperor, John Cantacuzenus. He tried to end
the Hundred Years' War between England and France, but secured only a
temporary truce. He excommunicated Casimir of Poland for marital
infidelity and forced him to do penance. He successfully resisted
encroachments on ecclesiastical jurisdiction by the kings of England,
Castile and Aragon. He made Prague an archbishopric in 1344, and three
years later founded the university there. During the disastrous plague
of 1347-1348 Clement did all he could to alleviate the distress, and
condemned the Flagellants and Jew-baiters. He tried Queen Joanna of
Naples for the murder of her husband and acquitted her. He secured full
ownership of the county of Avignon through purchase from Queen Joanna
(9th of June 1348) and renunciation of feudal claims by Charles IV. of
France, and considerably enlarged the papal palace in that city. To
supply money for his many undertakings Clement revived the practice of
selling reservations and expectancies, which had been abolished by his
predecessor. Oppressive taxation and unblushing nepotism were Clement's
great faults. On the other hand, he was famed for his engaging manners,
eloquence and theological learning. He died on the 6th of December 1352,
and was buried in the Benedictine abbey at Auvergne, but his tomb was
destroyed by Calvinists in 1562. His successor was Innocent VI.

The chief sources for the life of Clement VI. are in Baluzius, _Vitae
Pap. Avenion._, vol. i. (Paris, 1693); E. Werunsky, _Excerpta ex
registris Clementis VI. et Innocentii VI._ (Innsbruck, 1885); and F.
Cerasoli, _Clemente VI. e Giovanni I. di Napoli--Documenti inedite
dell' Archivio Vaticano_ (1896, &c).

See L. Pastor, _History of the Popes_, vol. i., trans, by F.I.
Antrobus (London, 1899); F. Gregorovius, _Rome in the Middle Ages_,
vol. vi. trans. by Mrs G.W. Hamilton (London, 1900-1902); J.B.
Christophe, _Histoire de la papaute pendant le XIVe siecle_, vol. ii.
(Paris, 1853); also article by L. Kuepper in the _Kirchenlexikon_ (2nd
ed.). (C.H.HA.)