conclavist to accept from his government the charge of
proposing a "veto," or to exhibit it to the conclave under any form.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.--The best and most complete work is Lucius Lector, _Le
Conclave, origine, histoire, organisation, legislation ancienne et
moderne_ (Paris, 1894). See also Ferraris, _Prompta Bibliotheca, s. v.
Papa_, art. i.; Moroni, _Dizionario di erudizione
storico-ecclesiastica, s. v. Conclave, Conclavisti, Cella, Elezione,
Esclusiva_; Bouix, _De Curia Romana_, part i. c. x.; _De Papa_, part
vii. (Paris, 1859, 1870); Barbier de Montault, _Le Conclave_ (Paris,
1878). On the conclave of Leo XIII., R. de Cesare, _Conclave di Leone
XIII._ (Rome, 1888). On the conclave of Pius X.: an eye-witness (Card.
Mathieu), _Les Derniers Jours de Leon XIII et le conclave_ (Paris,
1904). See further, for the right of veto: Phillips, _Kirchenrecht_,
t. v. p. 138; Sagmuller, _Die Papstwahlen und die Staate_ (Tubingen,
1890); _Die Papstwahlbullen und das staatliche Recht des Exclusive_
(Tubingen, 1892); Wahrmund, _Ausschliessungsrecht der katholischen
Staaten_ (Vienna, 1888). (A. Bo.*)

CONCORD, a township of Middlesex county, Massachusetts, U.S.A., about 20
m. N.W. of Boston. Pop. (1900) 5652; (1910, U.S. census) 6421. Area 25
sq. m. It is traversed by the Boston & Maine railway. Where the Sudbury
and Assabet unite to form the beautiful little Concord river, celebrated
by Thoreau, is the village of Concord, straggling, placid and beautiful,
full of associations with the opening of the War of Independence and
with American literature. Of particular interest is the "Old Manse,"
built in 1765 for Rev. William Emerson, in which his grandson R. W.
Emerson wrote _Nature_, and Hawthorne his _Mosses from an Old Manse_,
containing a charming description of the building and its associations.
At Concord there is a state reformatory, whose inmates, about 800 in
number, are employed in manufacturing various articles, but otherwise
the town has only minor business and industrial interests. The
introduction of the "Concord" grape, first produced here by Ephraim Bull
in 1853, is said to have marked the beginning of the profitable
commercial cultivation of table grapes in the United States. Concord was
settled and incorporated as a township in 1635, and was (with Dedham)
the first settlement in Massachusetts back from the sea-coast. A county
convention at Concord village in August 1774 recommen