nced and replaced by a more or less pacific
modus vivendi.

For texts see Vincenzio Nussi, _Quinquaginta conventiones de rebus
ecclesiasticis_ (Rome, 1869; Mainz, 1870); Branden, _Concordata inter
S. Sedem et inclytam nationem Germaniae_, &c. (undated). On the nature
and obligation of concordats see Mgr. Giobbio, _I Concordati_ (Monza,
1900); _idem, Lezioni di diplomazia ecclesiastica_ (Rome, 1899-1903);
Cardinal Cavagnis, _Institutiones juris publici ecclesiastici_ (Rome,
1906). For the French concordats see A. Baudrillard, _Quatre cents ans
de concordat_ (Paris, 1905); Boulay de la Meurthe, _Documents sur la
negociation du concordat et sur les autres rapports de la France avec
le Saint-Siege_ (Paris, 1891-1905); Cardinal Mathieu, _Le Concordat de
1801_ (Paris, 1903); E. Sevestre, _Le Concordat de 1801, l'histoire,
le texte, la destinee_ (Paris, 1905). On the relations between the
church and the state in various countries see Vering, _Kirchenrecht_,
SS 30-53. (A. Bo.*)

FOOTNOTE:

[1] These are arranged under thirty-five distinct heads in Nussi's
_Quinquaginta conventiones de rebus ecclesiasticis_ (Rome, 1869).

CONCORDIA, a Roman goddess, the personification of peace and goodwill.
Several temples in her honour were erected at Rome, the most ancient
being one on the Capitol, dedicated to her by Camillus (367 B.C.),
subsequently restored by Livia, the wife of Augustus, and consecrated by
Tiberius (A.D. 10). Other temples were frequently built to commemorate
the restoration of civil harmony. Offerings were made to Concordia on
the birthdays of emperors, and Concordia Augusta was worshipped as the
promoter of harmony in the imperial household. Concordia was represented
as a matron holding in her right hand a _patera_ or an olive branch, and
in her left a _cornu copiae_ or a sceptre. Her symbols were two hands
joined together, and two serpents entwined about a herald's staff.

CONCORDIA (mod. _Concordia Sagittaria_), an ancient town of Venetia, in
Italy, 16 ft. above sea-level, 31 m. W. of Aquileia, at the junction of
roads to Altinum and Patavium, to Opitergium (and thence either to
Vicetia and Verona, or Feltria and Tridentum), to Noricum by the valley
of the Tilaventus (Tagliamento), and to Aquileia. It was a mere village
until the time of Augustus, who made it a colony. Under the later empire
it was one of the most important towns of Italy; it had a strong
garris